Power Electronics Lecture 1 Prof. Mohammed Zeki Khedher Department of Electrical Engineering University of Jordan 1

References for further information Power Electronics References for further information Textbook: “ Power Electronics: Circuits, Devices and Applications” By M. Rashid, Prentice-Hall. References: Power Electronics: Converters, Applications and Design By N. Mohan, T. Undeland, and W. Robins, John-Wiley. Elements of Power Electronics By P. Krein, Oxford University Press. Power Electronics By C. W. Lander, McGraw-Hill. rinciple of Power Electronics By J. Kassakian, M. Schlecht and G. Verghses, Addison Wesley. Power Electronics: Principles and Applications By J. Vithayathil, McGraw-Hill. Power Semiconductor Circuits By Dewan and Straughen, John-Wiley. 2

The interdisciplinary nature

Relation with multiple disciplines Power electronics is currently the most active discipline in electric power engineering.

History of Power Electronics Mercury arc rectifier (year 1900). Metal tank rectifier. Grid controlled vacuum tube rectifier. Ignitron, Phanatron, Thyratron SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier) - The 1st Thyristor developed by Bell labs in 1956. 1st Commercial grade SCR developed by “ General Electric Co. “ in 1958. 5

2. The history The thread of the power electronics history is the break- through and evolution of power electronic devices. 返回

1. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT Mercury arc rectifier Semiconductor rectifier

1. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT Thyratron Thyristor (SCR), GTO, Triac

1. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT Vacuum tube Power MOSFET, IGBT

Industrial applications Motor drives Electrolysis Electroplating Induction heating Welding Arc furnaces and ovens Lighting

Transportation applications Trains & locomotives Subways Trolley buses Magnetic levitation Electric vehicles Automotive electronics Ship power systems Aircraft power systems

Utility systems applications High- voltage dc transmission (HVDC) Flexible ac transmission (FACTS) Static VAR compensation & harmonics Custom power & power quality control Supplemental energy sources : wind, photovoltaic, fuel cells Energy storage systems. Fuel cells. Energy storage systems Boiler feed water systems.

Power supplies for electronic equipment Telecommunications Computers Office equipment Electronic instruments Portable or mobile electronics

Residential and home appliances Lighting Heating Air conditioning Refrigeration & freezers Cooking Cleaning Entertaining

Applications in space technology Spaceship power systems Satellite power systems Space vehicle power systems

Other applications Nuclear reactor control Power systems for particle accelerators Environmental engineering

Advantages Easy and flexibility in operation due to digital controls. Power Electronics Advantages Easy and flexibility in operation due to digital controls. Faster dynamic response compared to the electro mechanical converters. Lower acoustic noise when compared to electro magnetic controllers, relays and contactors. 17

High efficiency due to low losses in the Thyristors. Power Electronics High efficiency due to low losses in the Thyristors. Long life and reduced/minimal maintenance due to the absence of mechanical wear. Control equipments using Thyristors are compact in size. 18

Disadvantages Generate unwanted harmonics. Power Electronics Disadvantages Generate unwanted harmonics. Harmonics are injected into power supply lines affecting the performance of other loads and equipments. Unwanted interference with communication circuits due to electromagnetic radiation. 19

Thyristors must be rated for maximum loading conditions. Power Electronics Special protection circuits must be used to protect the thyristor devices. Thyristors must be rated for maximum loading conditions. Special steps are to be taken for correcting line supply power factor. 20

Major issues in power electronics How to meet the requirement of the load or gain better control of the load How to improve the efficiency To have reliable operation of power semiconductor devices To have energy saving How to realize power conversion with less volume, less weight, and less cost. How to reduce negative influence to other equipment in the electric power system and to the electromagnetic environment.

Power Devices Power Diode Power BJT Power MOSFET IGBT Thyristor (SCR) Power Electronics Power Devices Power Diode Power BJT Power MOSFET IGBT Thyristor (SCR) 22

Power Electronics 23

Applications of Power Devices Power Electronics Applications of Power Devices 24