2. 10945678 32 1 © Innovators1 POWER ELECTRONICS

3. Utility systems Application High-voltage Dc Transmission (HVDC)High-voltage Dc Transmission (HVDC) Static VAR Compensation (SVC)Static VAR Compensation (SVC) Supplemental Energy Sources (wind,Supplemental Energy Sources (wind, photovoltaic), fuel cells High-voltage Dc Transmission (HVDC)High-voltage Dc Transmission (HVDC) Static VAR Compensation (SVC)Static VAR Compensation (SVC) Supplemental Energy Sources (wind,Supplemental Energy Sources (wind, photovoltaic), fuel cells Energy Storage SystemsEnergy Storage Systems Induced-draft fans and boilerInduced-draft fans and boiler Feed Water PumpsFeed Water Pumps Energy Storage SystemsEnergy Storage Systems Induced-draft fans and boilerInduced-draft fans and boiler Feed Water PumpsFeed Water Pumps © Innovators2

4. Utility systems Aerospace Application Space shuttle power supply systemsSpace shuttle power supply systems Satellite power systemsSatellite power systems Aircraft power systemsAircraft power systems Space shuttle power supply systemsSpace shuttle power supply systems Satellite power systemsSatellite power systems Aircraft power systemsAircraft power systems Application © Innovators3

5. Utility systems Aerospace Industrial Application PumpsPumps CompressorsCompressors Blowers and fansBlowers and fans Machine tools (robots)Machine tools (robots) WeldingWelding PumpsPumps CompressorsCompressors Blowers and fansBlowers and fans Machine tools (robots)Machine tools (robots) WeldingWelding Arc furnaces, induction furnacesArc furnaces, induction furnaces LightingLighting Industrial lasersIndustrial lasers Induction heatingInduction heating Arc furnaces, induction furnacesArc furnaces, induction furnaces LightingLighting Industrial lasersIndustrial lasers Induction heatingInduction heating Application © Innovators4

6. Utility systems Aerospace Industrial Commercial Application Computers and office equipmentComputers and office equipment Uninterruptible power suppliesUninterruptible power supplies (UPSs)(UPSs) ElevatorsElevators Computers and office equipmentComputers and office equipment Uninterruptible power suppliesUninterruptible power supplies (UPSs)(UPSs) ElevatorsElevators Heating, ventilating, and air conditioningHeating, ventilating, and air conditioning Central refrigerationCentral refrigeration LightingLighting Heating, ventilating, and air conditioningHeating, ventilating, and air conditioning Central refrigerationCentral refrigeration LightingLighting © Innovators5

7. Utility systems Aerospace Industrial Commercial Residential Application Refrigeration and freezersRefrigeration and freezers Electronics (personal computers, other entertainment equipment)Electronics (personal computers, other entertainment equipment) Refrigeration and freezersRefrigeration and freezers Electronics (personal computers, other entertainment equipment)Electronics (personal computers, other entertainment equipment) Space heatingSpace heating Air conditioningAir conditioning CookingCooking LightingLighting Space heatingSpace heating Air conditioningAir conditioning CookingCooking LightingLighting © Innovators6

8. Utility systems Aerospace Industrial Commercial Residential Transportation Application Traction controlTraction control Battery chargersBattery chargers Automotive electronics including engine controlsAutomotive electronics including engine controls Traction controlTraction control Battery chargersBattery chargers Automotive electronics including engine controlsAutomotive electronics including engine controls Electric LocomotivesElectric Locomotives Street CarsStreet Cars Trolley BusesTrolley Buses SubwaysSubways Electric LocomotivesElectric Locomotives Street CarsStreet Cars Trolley BusesTrolley Buses SubwaysSubways © Innovators7

9. Utility systems Aerospace Industrial Commercial Residential Transportation Tele- communication Battery ChargersBattery Chargers Power Supplies (dc and UPS)Power Supplies (dc and UPS) Battery ChargersBattery Chargers Power Supplies (dc and UPS)Power Supplies (dc and UPS) Application © Innovators8

10. Power Transmission Aerospace Industrial Commercial Residential Transportation Tele- communication Renewables SolarSolar WindWind Hybrid Power PlantHybrid Power Plant SolarSolar WindWind Hybrid Power PlantHybrid Power Plant Application © Innovators9

11. Note: In modem power electronics apparatus, two types of semiconductor elements used:  Power semiconductors ……..the muscle of the equipment and its operation are in digital/ analog nature  Microelectronic control chips …. provide the control and its operation are in digital nature. One manipulates large power up to mega or gigawatts, the other handles power only on the order of microwatts to milliwatts. Note: In modem power electronics apparatus, two types of semiconductor elements used:  Power semiconductors ……..the muscle of the equipment and its operation are in digital/ analog nature  Microelectronic control chips …. provide the control and its operation are in digital nature. One manipulates large power up to mega or gigawatts, the other handles power only on the order of microwatts to milliwatts. © Innovators10

12. Power Electronics Interface Load POWER OUTPUT (Adjustable) v o, i o v i, i i POWER INPUT( Fixed) Source Feedback Signal Reference Signal Gate Control Signal Representation of Power Electronic System © Innovators11

13. Types of Power Electronics Circuit © Innovators12

14. The goal of power electronics is Highest Efficiency Smallest Size Highest Reliability LowestCost Lowest Cost LeastWeight Least Weight © Innovators Note: Power Electronics is the art of converting electrical energy from one form to another in an efficient, clean, compact, and robust manner for convenient utilisation Power Electronics is the art of converting electrical energy from one form to another in an efficient, clean, compact, and robust manner for convenient utilisation. Note: Power Electronics is the art of converting electrical energy from one form to another in an efficient, clean, compact, and robust manner for convenient utilisation Power Electronics is the art of converting electrical energy from one form to another in an efficient, clean, compact, and robust manner for convenient utilisation. The goal of power electronics is to control the flow of energy from an electrical source to an electrical load with 13

15. <19 th Century Only way to convent AC into DC is Rotary Convertor. © Innovators14

16. 1902 Percy C. Hewitt demonstrate first mercury arc rectifier. <19 th Century © Innovators15

17. 1902 <19 th Century This mercury arc rectifier are well used in electrical power utility up to 1970s. And after all finally replaced by Static semiconductor devices. © Innovators16

18. 1902 <19 th Century Semiconductor revolution start in 1947 with the invention of first bipolar point-contact transistor at Bell Labs. 1947 © Innovators17

19. 1902 <19 th Century In 1948 Shockley's invention of the bipolar junction transistor (BJT) improved the stability and performance of transistors, and reduced costs. 1947 1948 © Innovators18

20. 1902 <19 th Century By the 1950s, higher power semiconductor diodes became available and started replacing Mercury arc rectifier. 1947 1948 1950 © Innovators19

21. 1902 <19 th Century In 1956 the Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR) was introduced by General Electric, greatly increasing the range of power electronics applications. 1947 1948 1950 1956 © Innovators20

22. 1902 <19 th Century In 1958 second electronics revolution start by commercial use of SCR (Thyristor) by General Electrical. 1947 1948 1950 1956 1958 © Innovators21

23. 1902 <19 th Century 1947 1948 1950 1956 1958 Many different types of power electronics devices and conversion technics are developed 19…. © Innovators22

24. The History of the Power Electronics Power Diode, Invention of Thyristor Power Diode, Invention of Thyristor Mercury arc rectifier, Vacuum Tube Mercury arc rectifier, Vacuum Tube Bipolar point- contact Transistor First MOSFET comes in commercial market GTO, IGBT, Microprocessor, MCT GTO, IGBT, Microprocessor, MCT Smart Power Technology not only control but alos protect the system © Innovators23

25. Based on family Based on controllability Based on Terminals and Charge carrier Classification of Power Electronic Devices © Innovators24

26. I am the motivation behind each and every power electronics innovation, Because I am ideal. I am the motivation behind each and every power electronics innovation, Because I am ideal. © Innovators25

27. A K G Ideal Means: Case 1: When I am in OFF State I have following characteristics  Resistance== Very High  Voltage Blocking Capacity == Very High  Leakage Current=== Almost Zero.  Power Loss ==By Default 0 © Innovators26

28. A K G Ideal Means: Case 1: When I am in OFF State I have following characteristics  Voltage Blocking Capacity == Very High  Leakage Current=== Almost Zero.  Resistance== Very High  Power Loss ==By Default 0 © Innovators27

29. A K G Case 2: When I am in ON State I have following characteristics  Current carrying Capacity == Very High  Voltage Drop=== Almost Zero.  Resistance== Almost Zero.  Power Loss ==Very Low © Innovators28

30. A K G Case 3: Case 3: During Turn ON & OFF I have following characteristics  Immediate Turn ON and OFF  Low Delay time  Low Rise Time © Innovators29

31. A K G © Innovators30

32. Device Type Device Continuous Gate Pulse Gate Controlled Turn ON Controlled Turn OFF Unipolar Voltage Bipolar Voltage Unidirectional Current Bidirectional Current DiodePower Diode Transistors BJT MOSFET IGBT SIT Thyristors SCR TRIAC GTO IGCT SITH MCT © Innovators31

33. © Innovators32

34. © Innovators33 Project Guidance Classes Electrical Contracts Workshop Hub Vaishnavi Empire Near KK Travel, Katraj Pune - 46 Mo:-+91-9527080412/8983335132 Vaishnavi Empire Near KK Travel, Katraj Pune - 46 Mo:-+91-9527080412/8983335132 At: