The Properties of Matter Chapter 1 The Properties of Matter

WHAT IS MATTER? Everything Is Made of Matter Matter Has Volume matter = anything that has volume and mass Matter Has Volume volume = amount of space taken up (occupied) by an object Things with volume cannot share the same space at the same time

Measuring the volume of liquids Liquid volume Measuring the volume of liquids Instrument? Graduated cylinder Curve @ liquid’s surface? meniscus Will a liquid in any container have a meniscus? Yes! In larger containers, the meniscus is too flat to see. Units? Milliliters (mL) or Liters (L) Solid volume Units : cubic units – m3 or cm3 How do we get these units? Use three dimensions to calculate volume – length x width x height

Comparing solid & liquid volume Equal units? 1 mL = 1 cm3 Can express vol of liquid in cubic units; however, vol of solids are never expressed in L or mL Measuring the volume of gases Possible? Yes… how? Gas expands to fill its container So if you know the volume of the container then you know the volume of the gas.

Matter Has Mass mass = amount of matter that something is made of ex: Earth vs. peanut vs. speck of dust Is a puppy like a bowling ball? An object’s mass can be changed only by changing amt. of matter in object Consider… constant? growing?

The Difference Between Mass & Weight Weight is different from mass. Understanding the difference… gravity = force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses G. causes objects to exert pull on other objects Does all matter experience gravity? Yes! why or why not? b/c all matter has mass. Amount of attraction depends on: 1) masses of the objects and 2) distance between them

May the force be with you When is gravitational force experienced? By all objects in the universe, all the time. Gravitational force experienced by objects with small masses is very slight. Earth’s large mass & gravitational force is great when in conjunction with other large objects, like our atmosphere, the space shuttle, & planets

So what about weight? At a distance weight = measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object obj & Earth have mass  obj & Earth are attracted to each other force exerted on obj b/c of attraction to Earth weight of obj is measure of gravitational force At a distance Attraction btwn obj decreases as distance btwn increases Therefore gravitational force decreases, also Mass doesn’t change, but weight does

Massive confusion Most obj’s weigh same anywhere on Earth b/c gravitational force is about same everywhere on earth. That’s why mass and weight are used interchangeably… Weight depends on mass but they aren’t the same!

Measuring Mass & Weight Weight is a measure of gravitational force, and must have units of force. basic SI unit : N_,_Newton_ N approximately equal to 100 g mass on Earth N = 100 g Figure 8

Mass Is a Measure of Inertia inertia = the tendency of all objs to resist any change in motion. B/c of inertia an object at rest will remain at rest until something causes it to move and obj in motion will move at same rate, in same direction until something acts to change its rate(speed) / direction

Why is mass a measure of inertia B/c obj with large mass is harder to start in motion & harder to stop than obj with smaller mass. ex:___________________________________________________________________________________________