Janee Thompson Maurice Torrance Lamyka McGuire

Literacy Education Life Expectancy Income Literacy Rates

Economic-  Gross Domestic Product Per Capita- The value of the total output of goods and services produced in a country in a given time period  Types of Jobs 1. Primary sector-agriculture, fishing, mining and forestry 2. Secondary sector-process, transform and assemble raw material 3. Tertiary sector-retailing, banking, law, education and government  Productivity- The value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed to make it.  Consumer Goods Social-  Education  Literacy Rate-the percentage of a country’s people who can read and write  Health  Welfare

MDC’s  North America  Europe  East Asia LDC’s  Southwest Asia  Southeast Asia  Central Asia  South Asia  Sub-Saharan Africa  Latin America

 GDI...Gender-Related Development: It compares the level of development of women with that of both sexes.

 GEM… Gender Empowerment Measure: its compares the ability of women and men to participate in economic and political decision making. NOTE:The value of the gender empowerment measure in the Europe.

 Origins of Industry  Northern English &Southern Scotland  18 century To improve the process of manufacturing good  Industrial Revolution Factors  Dispersed across the globe (landscape)  New Social, economic & political inventions Impacted Iron Coal Transportation Textiles

 Located Globally  3 of the 9 world region  Europe, North America, East Asia 1/4 of the world total industrial output outside of Brazil & India EuropeNorth AmericaEast Asia U.K Steel and textiles New England Cotton textiles Japan Manufacturing Ex: Automobiles, ships, cam Rhine-Ruhr Valley Iron, Steel Middle Atlantic New York Boston Largest Consumer Market Megalopolis area China Manufacturing Ex: Textile, Apparel, Steel,& House hold products Mid-Rhine Iron-Ore Mohawk Valley Steel, Food Processing Po Basin ( Italy) Textile Pittsburgh Lake Eric Steel, Coal, Iron Ore

Situation Site Factors Transport materials to and from factory and market Chararacteristics of a place Varies by location Land-Father Away Cheaper the land Labor- Minimize labor cost Capital-Abilty to borrow Money

The cost of these three factors varies from one location to another, both with countries and between regions of the world. The most important site factor at a global scale is labor. Minimizing labor costs is important for some industries, and the variation of labor costs around the world large.

 Bulk Gaining: - Cost of shipping to market is greater than cost of bringing in inputs - Placement is based off of population  Bulk Reducing: -Cost of bringing in inputs is greater than Cost of shipping to market - Placement is based on relation to inputs - Weighs less coming out than going in - Ex: Mining, steel concentration, smelting, and refining before the final product

 3 types  Bulk Gaining  Near The Target Consumer  Cost Less and gains volume  Makes something gain volume or weight during production  Ex: Fabricated metals  Steel and other metals  Beverage Production Soft Drinks & Beer  Single Market  Location Is Determined By the Market  Specialized manufactures with only one or two customer  Ex: Car Parts  Perishable  Location Needs To Be Close To The Market  Products Need To Be Consumed RAPIDLY!!!!!!!!  Ex: Milk, Bread, Newspaper

Outline of the model  The traditional society  The pre-conditions for takeoff  The Takeoff  The drive to maturity  The age of mass consumption

 Ancient civilizations  Society hasn’t even began to develop  Economy is based off of the growing of agriculture  Majority of the society’s income goes toward the military and towards religious purposes

 Within the society, an elite group starts to influence many decisions for the society’s economy  The group makes innovative economic opportunities  Leads to an investment of technology such as water and transportation systems

 Consists of rapid growth in a certain industry (or industries) in the economy  These take-off industries achieve technical advancements in their field  However other industries will remain dominated by traditional practices  For example the use of the oil industry in the Middle East

 The society as a whole experiences a rapid growth spurt  Modern technology becomes widespread to other industries  Workers obtain better skills and become specialists in certain areas

 Finally the society experiences the age of mass consumption  Economic majority shifts from industries such as steel and power sources to more consumer driven products such as automobiles or cell phones.

 Main Idea For The Theory  Weber’s theory asks the question of what is the best/most profitable location for an industry  Maintains 3 important factors: -Transportation -Labor -Agglomeration

What needs to be considered:  Raw materials (inputs) to a factory  Finished goods (outputs) to the market  Distance and weight

 The higher the cost of labor is, the less money the industry will make  Industries may locate farther from inputs/market if cheap labor can make up for the additional transportation costs  Agglomeration: Pattern of when similar businesses cluster together in the same area to support each other

 Corporations are transferring work to LDC’s to pay the workers less  Needs:  High Skill Workers  Only Available In MDC’s = Selective Transfer  Shifts away from The North East To South And West  Encouraging relocation to economic distressed peripheral areas  This is because the right to work laws- Factories have a “open shop” which prohibits unions and gives more income to the industries  “Close Shop”- Requires the rights of union ship Maqualidoras  Plants in Mexico far north to the U.S that imports materials for assembly to take advantage of lower labor cost  Exports the finished product to the U.S

 MDC and LDC  HDI (Human Development Index)  GDP  Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary sectors  GDI  Literacy Rate  Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)  Crude Birth Rate (CBR)  Foreign Direct Investment

 Transnational Corporation  Industrialization  Bulk-gaining and bulk-reducing industry  Site and Situation factors  Labor Intensive Industry  Agglomeration  Export Processing Zone (EPZ)  Footloose Industry