Ergonomic Awareness Presented by QBE Loss Control Services
Ergonomics From the Greek Words: “Ergon”- Work “Nomos”- Laws Fitting the Jobs to the Workers not the Workers to the Jobs
People Vs. Machines People Decision Making Small Force Application Non-Programmed Activities Teamwork Machines Pre-Programmed Activities Repetition Applying Large Forces Working in Hazardous Locations
Terminology CTD’s- Cumulative Trauma Disorders MSDs- Musculoskeletal Disorders (OSHA) Repetitive Motion Injuries/Disorders Repetitive Strain Injuries Overuse Syndrome
Types of Disorders Tendon Related –Tendonitis –Tenosynovitis –Epicondylitis –Trigger finger Nerve Related –Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) Muscle Related –Lower Back Injuries –Sprains –Strains –Inflammation Circulatory Related –Raynaud’s Syndrome (White Finger)
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Risk Factors for CTDs Repetition Duration Force Posture Static Loads Mechanical (Contact) Stress Low Temperatures Vibration
Personal Risk Factors Off-Job Activities Exercise Strength/Fitness Health
Awkward Posture Flexion Ulnar Deviation Extension
Awkward Posture Bending Trunk Overhead Reach Bent Neck
Contact Stress
Vibration
Psychosocial Issues Job Frustration Job Stress Unresolved Frustration Management Insensitivity Anger Depression Conflicts with Supervisors
Anthropometry “Scientific measurements of human body to optimize human/equipment interface” Do not design for the “average person” Design for largest and then adjust for the range of workers
Ergonomics Process Identify Problem Job Identify Risk Factors Compare Risk Factors to Guidelines Implement Solutions Re-evaluate
Ergonomics Program Management Leadership/ Employee Participation Hazard Identification and Control Training Medical Management Program Evaluation Records
Hierarchy of Controls Reduce or Eliminate Hazard using Engineering Controls Change Work Practices and Policies by Administrative Controls Use Personal Protective Equipment
Engineering Controls Change Workstation Layout Change Tools Change Way Materials Transported Change Process Change Packaging Change Way Tools/Parts Manipulated
Administrative Controls Reduce Shift Length or Overtime Rotate Employees Through Several Jobs Broaden Job Content Schedule More Breaks Adjust Work Pace Training
Personal Protective Equipment Shoes Gloves Knee Pads Braces? Wrist Splints? Back Belts? Vibration Attenuating Gloves? Not Effective and May Cause More Problems
Ergonomic Tools
Standing Work Precision Light Heavy 37”-43”34”-37”28”-35”
VDT Work Stations
What’s Wrong With This Picture ?
What’s Wrong with This Picture?
What’s Wrong With This Picture ?
Ergonomic Chairs?
Bins
Drums
Pallet Stacking
Eliminate Kneeling
Work Table
Loading Trucks
Hoists/Cranes
Carts