1 Library management systems: current issues and developments Lucy A. Tedd, Lecturer, Department of Information Studies, Aberystwyth Editor: Program: electronic library and information systems June 2007

2 Brief historical overview Early/mid 1960s – some experimentation with punched card systems for management of cataloguing, acquisitions and circulation processes. e.g. Southampton U., Camden, West Sussex, Newcastle U.

3 Birth of Program- News of computers in British university libraries Founded in 1966 by Richard Kimber, then a Lecturer at Queen’s University Belfast “A new wave of enthusiasm is sweeping over the world of libraries in Britain. Librarians see that it is possible to use computers for most clerical operations in libraries.”

4 Local systems – 1970s Several instances of successful use of parent-body computers Improved computer technology- rise of minicomputers which could be acquired by the library Development of data collection devices - ALS, Plessey etc. Better communication between librarians and computer people

5 Co-operative systems – 1970s Birmingham Libraries Co-operative Mechanisation Project (BLCMP) Aston U., Birmingham U., Birmingham Public South Western Academic Libraries Co- operative Mechanisation Project (SWALCAP) Bath, Bristol, Cardiff and Exeter universities OCLC – for college libraries in Ohio, US +++

6 Early 1980s Development of ‘turnkey stand-alone’ systems- mainly for circulation control ALS Module 4, BLCMP Circo, CLSI-Libs 100, Geac, Plessey Module 4, Development of OPACs – Online Public Access Catalogues and linking of these to computer-based circulation systems

7 Integrated library management systems – 1980s Modules for: Cataloguing materials Using the catalogue (OPAC) Circulation control Acquisitions and order processing Serials control ( possibly) Interlibrary loans (possibly) e.g. BLS, DS, Dynix, IBM – DOBIS/LIBIS, McDonnell Douglas URICA, SLS

8.. and some more key features Consistency and integrity of data across all applications Transactions should update ‘status’ and be immediately viewable Should be ease of movement between functions Library systems: a buyer’s guide Juliet Leeves, Aldershot: Gower: 1987 and 1989

9 LMS in the 1990s - Move to industry-standard software for database management etc. -Start of self-issue machines for issue and discharge -Communications with users by and text message -Improved accessibility of OPACs -Use of Z39.50 – to enable searching across several OPACs -Consortial developments e.g ELFNI (Northern Ireland), Foursite (now Libraries West)

10 Examples of 1990s systems Adlib - UK originally ALEPH 500 – from Israeli firm Ex Libris ALICE – from Softlink, Australia CAIRS/LMS- UK Dynix/Horizon – US DS Galaxy – UK Geac – ADVANCE from Canada Heritage – UK (developed from early work in Cairns Library, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford) Innopac/Millennium –Innovative Interfaces, US

11.. and more LMSs of the 1990s LIBERTAS – from SLS, UK OLIB – Fretwell Downing, UK Talis – BLCMP, UK Unicorn – Sirsi, US Voyager – Endeavor, US VTLS - US Juliet Leeves with Rosemary Russell, libsys;uk: A directory of library systems in the United Kingdom. London: Library Information Technology Centre, 1995 Lucy Tedd, Library management systems in British Librarianship and Information Work Aldershot, Ashgate, 2007

12 Some key developments of the 2000s Mergers, acquisitions and private equity New products from merged companies Federated searching Reference linking using OpenURL Improved user interfaces Web 2.0 Move to open systems architecture Move to open source software Consortial working and outsourcing UK Core Specification for LMS

13 Mergers and acquisitions and private equity firms Ex Libris acquired by Francisco Partners in 2006 who then also acquired Endeavor from Elsevier Fretwell Downing Informatics acquired by OCLC in 2006 Geac acquired by Golden Gate in 2005, then became known as Extensity which in turn was acquired by Infor Sirsi and Dynix merge to SirsiDynix in 2005 and acquired by Vista Equity Partners in 2006 Talis – change from not-for-profit ‘outlook’ to a new company Talis Group in 2006

14 New products e.g. Symphony from SirsiDynix A single, holistic library technology platform Incorporates open, industry-standard technologies, Powerful portal and search solutions Comprehensive integrated library management and productivity solutions Unicode support Advanced business intelligence and reporting tools Sirsi Dynix – press release at American Library Association conference 2007

15 Federated search products e.g. Primo – from Ex Libris “ Primo unlocks library potential by providing users with a universal solution for the discovery and delivery of print and digital information sources regardless of format and location” Plus some federated search modules from other companies (e.g. MuseGlobal, WebFeat) incorporated into LMSs

16 Reference linking using OpenURL Links from LMS to full-text of journal articles etc. and other electronic content is increasingly important in Higher Education libraries. Ex Libris’ SFX product is probably the market leader – and this can often be ‘plugged in’ to other LMS

17 Improved interfaces e.g. Encore from Innovative Interfaces “ Millennium's integrated tools for authentication, federated searching, and link resolution will be pulled seamlessly into Encore. In this way, patrons arrive at what they need without an extended search path, complex searching strategies, or the need to know a specific solution to their information need. More importantly, libraries will be able to deliver this service without the need for extensive programming resources and technology expertise. Encore's integration with Millennium also means libraries can focus on shaping the patron experience rather than establishing interoperation between service elements.”

18 Millennium at Aston University We chose Millennium because it was the most user- friendly of the systems that we looked at for both customers and library staff. The inclusion of functionality that our users expect from sites such as Google, such as Did you mean…?, was a key factor in our decision," says Dr. Nick Smith, Director of Library and Information Services. "It will also provide us with all of the advanced technical features that one would expect from a modern system." Innovative Press release

19 Web 2.0 Social networking, blogs, wikis, ‘folksonomies’ etc. Role in LMS?? Paul Miller, a ‘technology evangelist’ at Talis is working in this area

20 Move to Open Systems Architecture e.g. DS and Open Galaxy DS has spent much time in 2000s developing an ‘open’ architecture to allow communication with 3 rd party data, different front-end software (e.g. links to PDAs), cross-database searching with DScovery. DS perceives LMS being integrated with other local authority technology ‘services’ – and personalisation of interfaces etc. for users. DS supplies only to UK public library market and has about 30% of that market share

21 Open Source Software for LMS Beginning to be considered by some e.g. Complementary and Alternative Medicine LIS at Royal Homoeopathic Hospital, London considering Koha from New Zealand ( “We are using a commercial company for the installation, including new code, and ongoing support. However, larger libraries with dedicated systems support staff might be able to do this in-house.” on lis-link from Gerhard Bissels

22 Consortial working and outsourcing e.g. SELMS - South East Library Management using Civica to provide a range of library services, including LMS based on its Spydus product.

23 Choosing an LMS – United Kingdom Core Specification Addresses the core of an LMS – stock control and OPAC Frees staff to concentrate on the differences between systems One-off licence fee Used by public libraries, University and college libraries, Special libraries: medical, government, legal Developed by: Juliet Leeves

24 Case study: National Library of Wales LMS history - For printed books 1980s – URICA, 1990s – Geac ADVANCE -For archives, photographs, theses etc – CAIRS/LMS -++ many smaller/ ‘bespoke’ systems for specialist collections

25 NLW – Requirements Requirement: New information management system to manage all operations, including public access to all collections. Improved resource discovery and successful delivery of digital resources, and adherence to international standards

26 NLW – Procurement process Use of PRINCE2 project methodology Seven suppliers on long list following Briefing Document etc Three suppliers (Ex Libris, Geac and VTLS) on short list following Request for Proposal VTLS chosen following Risk Assessment and Best and Final Offers (VTLS was also chosen for Oxford University/ Bodleian Library)

27 Post implementation evaluation of LMS implementation VERY little happens – or is reported in this area One exception – Martin Myhill at University of Exeter has suggested a possible approach Martin Myhill (2004), “Snakes and ladders: towards a post-maturity evaluation index of integrated library system ownership”,Program: electronic library and information systems 38(2)

28 JISC/SCONUL evaluation and horizon scan The current LMS landscape in higher education in the UK will be evaluated by a project funded by JISC and SCONUL and due to start in July ties/funding_calls/2007/06/ims.aspx

29 JISC/SCONUL Scan Aims Evaluate the current situation within the LMS market in terms of products, satisfaction, service differentiation and requirements Evaluate procurement and cost issues, including a survey of academic library plans Conduct a horizon scan to determine what developments are taking place elsewhere which are already, or might, impact on future developments Assess the use of service oriented approaches and adoption of standards in terms of academic library requirements, readiness and product match Make recommendations on how the academic library sector can engage with LMS and issues concerning the JISC Information Environment and the e-framework for education and research

30 Where to find information? Multimedia Information and Technology Group website - 30 systems in UK Library Technology Guides - 19 systems noted as being available in UK CILIP training events e.g. tm tm CILIP – Library Management Systems Showcase Marshall Breeding, “ An industry redefined”, Library Journal, April , pp Alison Felstead, “Library systems marketplace: a digest of current literature”, Program: electronic library and information systems 38(2), 2004, pp Lucy Tedd (2007), Library management systems in J.H. Bowman (ed.) British Librarianship and Information Work Aldershot:Ashgate, 2007.