Machine Guarding
Objectives Identify basic machinery terms Identify common machines found within a campus Identify hazards that occur in or on machinery Select the appropriate OSHA Standard that applies to the hazard
Basic Machinery Terms Drilling and Boring Grinding Milling Turning Punching and Forging Planing and Shaping Turning Sawing
Requirements for Safeguards (29 CFR 1910.213) Prevent contact Protect from falling objects Create no new hazards Create no interference Allow safe lubrication Secure
General Machine Requirements (29 CFR 1910.212) The point of operation that exposes an employee to injury shall be guarded Machines designed for a fixed location shall be securely anchored to prevent walking or moving Special hand tools for placing and removing material shall be such as to permit easy handling of material without the operator placing a hand in the danger zone Fan blades less than seven (7) feet above the floor or working level, the blades shall be guarded and have openings no larger than one-half (1/2) inch
Training A description & identification of the hazards associated with particular machines The safeguards themselves, how the provide protection and the hazards for which they are intended How to use the safeguards and why How and under what circumstances safeguards can be removed and by whom What to do if a safeguard is damaged, missing or unable to provide adequate protection
Woodworking Machinery (29 CFR 1910.213) All belts, pulleys, gears, shafts and moving parts shall be guarded A mechanical or electrical power control shall be provided on each machine to make it possible for the operator to cut off the power from each machine without leaving their position at the point of operation
Woodworking Machinery Belt sanding machines shall be provided with guards at each nip point where the sanding belt runs on to the pulley Lathes used for turning long pieces of wood stock held between the two centers shall be equipped with long curved guards extending over the tops of the lathes in order to prevent the work pieces from being thrown out of the machine if they should become loose
Abrasive Wheel Machinery (29 CFR 1910.215) The safety guard shall cover the spindle end, nut, and flange projections Work rests shall be used to support the work. They shall be of rigid construction & designed to be adjustable to compensate for wheel wear with the maximum opening of 1/8 inch to prevent the work from being jammed between the wheel and the rest, which may cause wheel breakage
Abrasive Wheel Machinery The adjustable tongue or the end of the peripheral member at the top shall never exceed 1/4 inch All wheels shall be closely inspected and sounded by the user ( ring test) to make sure they have not been damaged . The spindle speed of the machine shall be checked before mounting of the wheel to be certain that it does not exceed the maximum operating speed marked on the wheel.