2. 29 CFR 1910 SUBPART O Machine Guarding

3. OSHAs Most Cited Serious Violations in General Industry : FY 2007

4. Montana Public Sector Citations: CY 2008

5. Subpart O Sections 1910.211 Definitions 1910.212 General requirements for all machines 1910.213 Woodworking machinery requirements 1910.215 Abrasive wheel machinery 1910.216 Mills and calenders - rubber & plastics industries 1910.217 Mechanical power presses 1910.218 Forging machines 1910.219 Mechanical power transmission apparatus

6. General Requirements for All Machines 1910.212

7. General Requirements 1910.212(a)(1) Provide one or more methods of machine guarding o Protect operator and other employees in machine area from hazards created by point of operation Ingoing nip points Rotating parts Flying chips Sparks Etc.

8. General Requirements: 1910.212(a)(2) Guards must be o Affixed to the machine where possible o Secured elsewhere if attachment is not possible o May not present hazard in itself

10. Point of Operation Must Be Guarded 1910.212(a)(3) Point of Operation o Operator inserts or manipulates stock Cutting, shaping, or forming o Material is positioned & work is performed Shearing, punching, forming, or assembling. o All other points which may offer a hazard to operator or others in area

11. Point of operation: work is actually performed upon the material being processed

12. General Requirements 1910.212(a)(4) Revolving drums, barrels, and containers o Guard by enclosure interlocked with drive mechanism

13. INTERLOCKING GATES

14. General Requirements 1910.212(a)(5) Guard fan blades o Periphery of blades is less than 7' above the floor or working level o Maximum guard openings - 1/2 inch YES NO

15. General Requirements 1910.212(b) Machines designed for a fixed location o Securely anchor

16. Guarding Requirements: Short Definition If it moves and can be reached o Guard it!

17. Rotating Parts & Nip Points

18. Nip Points Montana Occupational Safety & Health Training Institute

19. Big, Nasty Pinch Point

20. Actions

22. Horizontal & Vertical Standards 1910.212 o A general, or horizontal, standard o Applies to all machines not specifically mentioned elsewhere in Subpart O Other sections are specific or vertical o Apply to particular types of machines e.g., Section 1910.213 applies to woodworking machinery

23. WOOD CUTTING BAND SAW FALLS UNDER 1910.213 METAL CUTTING BAND SAW FALLS UNDER 1910.212

24. Wood Working Machines 1910.213

25. Woodworking Machines: 1910.213 Free from sensible vibration when o The largest size tool is mounted o Machine is run idle at full speed Firmly secure equipment

26. Guard: 1910.213(a)(9) Guard All belts, pulleys, gears, shafts, and moving parts according to 1910.219

27. Machine Controls: 1910.213(b)(1) Operator must be able to cut off the power from each machine without leaving position at the point of operation

28. Machine Controls: 1910.213(b)(3) Prevent machines from automatically restarting upon restoration of power

29. Special Hand Tools Used for placing and removing material Permit easy handling of material without operator placing hand in danger zone Are not substitutes for other required guarding o Supplemental protection o Not limited to woodworking

30. Hand Feeding Tools

31. Foot Pedals: 1910.213(b)(6) Treadle to be protected against unexpected or accidental tripping Feeder attachments to be covered or guarded o Feed rolls o Other moving parts Also found under Power Presses

32. Foot Pedals Must be protected to prevent unintended operation o From falling or moving objects o By accidental stepping onto the pedal o Prevent bypassing Attach non-slip pad firmly to the pedal

33. Machine Guarding - Saws

34. Band Saws & Band Resaws Blades o Enclose or guard all portions of the saw blade Except for the working portion of the blade between the bottom of the guide rolls and the table o Guard portion of blade between the sliding guide and the upper saw wheel guard Protect saw blade at front and outer side Self adjusting to raise and lower with the guide

35. Band Saws & Band Resaws Fully encase band saw wheels o Solid outside periphery o Front and back enclosed by Solid material or By wire mesh or perforated metal

36. Band Saw

37. Band Saw Guard

39. Lathes: 1910.213(o) Lathes used for turning long pieces of wood stock held only between the two centers o Equip with long curved guards extending over the tops of the lathes To prevent the work pieces from being thrown out of the machines

40. Transparent Guard on Lathe

41. Lathe Guards

42. DRILL PRESS Drill Press Lathe

43. Drill Press

44. Multi Use Guards Adjustable Slide Shields

45. SANDING MACHINES: 1910.213(p) Belt sanding machines o Provide with guards at each nip point where the sanding belt runs on to a pulley Guards to effectively prevent hands or fingers from coming in contact with nip points Unused run of sanding belt to be guarded against accidental contact

46. Sanding Machines

47. Belt Sander Belt Sander Upper Guard - Left Side Mount

48. Belt Sander Take out of Service!

49. Inspection & Maintenance of Woodworking Machinery: 1910.213(s) Immediately remove from service o Dull, badly set, improperly filed, or improperly tensioned saws Maintain cleanliness around woodworking machinery Provide push sticks or other hand feeding tools

50. Abrasive Wheel Machinery 1910.215

51. ABRASIVE WHEEL MACHINERY: 1910.215(a)(2) General requirements Guards must cover o The spindle end o Nut o Flange projections

52. ABRASIVE WHEEL MACHINERY: 1910.215 Excluded machinery Natural sandstone wheels Metal, wooden, cloth, or paper discs o With a layer of abrasive on the surface

53. ABRASIVE WHEEL MACHINERY: 1910.215 Work Rests o Rigid construction o Maximum opening of 1/8 o No adjustment with wheel in motion Tongue Guards o Helps keep pieces inside should wheel shatter o May never exceed 1/4

54. Work Rest 1/8 in. Tongue Guard 1/4 in.

55. A Shield Does Not Replace the Guards

56. FLANGES All abrasive wheels must always mounted between flanges o Not be less than 1/3 diameter of the wheel. o Some specific exceptions requiring other %

57. WHEEL INSPECTIONS Closely inspect & sound all wheels o Conduct ring test Assure no damage Check spindle speed of the machine before mounting wheel o Never exceed maximum operating speed marked on the wheel

58. RING TEST Gently tap wheels with a light nonmetallic implement o The handle of a screwdriver for light wheels o A wooden mallet for heavier wheels Tap about 45 degrees each side of the vertical centerline, about 1 or 2 from edge Rotate wheel 45 degrees & repeat test

59. RING TEST A sound and undamaged wheel will give a clear metallic tone If cracked, there will be a dead sound and not a clear "ring." o Do Not Use

60. Mechanical Power Transmission Apparatus 1910.219

61. MECHANICAL POWER TRANSMISSION APPARATUS: 1910.219 Belts Flywheels Nip-point belt & pulley guard Chains & Gears

62. POWER TRANSMISSION Prime movers o Steam, gas, oil, and air engines o Motors o Steam and hydraulic turbines o Other equipment used as a source of power

63. POWER TRANSMISSION Cover all types and shapes of power transmission belts o Some specific exceptions Guard any part 7 feet or less above floor or platform o Or more

64. ENCLOSURE GUARDS Bevel Gear Guards

65. SHEAVE GUARDS

66. BELT & PULLEY ENCLOSURE GUARDS

67. FLYWHEEL GUARDING: 1910.219(b) Enclosure of sheet, perforated, or expanded metal, or woven wire Guard rails placed not less than 15 nor more than 20 from rim o If flywheel extends into pit or is within 12 of floor, need a standard toeboard

68. Flywheel Guards

69. FLYWHEEL GUARDS

70. Guarding Shafts: 1910.219(c) Protect all exposed parts of horizontal shafting seven (7) feet or less from floor or working platform

71. Rotating Shafts Rotating pulley Rotating coupling Burr Rotating shaft

72. ENCLOSURE GUARDS FOR ROTATING MOTION

73. Projecting Shaft Ends: 1910.219(c)(4) Smooth edge and end May not project more than ½ diameter of shaft, or Guard by non-rotating caps or safety sleeves Fill or cover unused keyways

74. PULLEY Guarding: 1910.219(d) Guard any parts 7 or less from floor or working platform Broken pulleys may not be used o Pulleys with cracks o Pieces broken out of rims

75. Lack of Pulley Guarding

76. PULLEY GUARDS

77. OVERHEAD PULEYS & BELTS Overhead Horizontal Overhead Traverse

78. GEARS: 1910.219(f) Gears o Completely enclose o Use standard guard at least 7 high extending 6 above mesh point of gears

79. SPROCKETS & CHAINS: 1910.219(f)(3) All sprocket wheels and chains must be fully enclosed o Unless more than 7 above floor May still be inadequate If drive extends over other machine or working areas o Provide protection against falling

80. KEYS, SETSCREWS, AND OTHER PROJECTIONS: 1910.219(h) All projecting keys, set screws, and other projections in revolving parts must be o Removed o Made flush or o Guarded by metal cover

81. Wood Guards: 1910.219(o)(2) Wood guards only allowed in o Woodworking and chemical industries o Industries where presence of fumes or manufacturing conditions would cause rapid deterioration of metal guards o Construction work and in locations outdoors where extreme cold or extreme heat make metal guards and railings undesirable

82. Guard Types & Requirements

83. Presses Press Brake Machine Guards