1. Fundamentals of Machine Guarding
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2. Object of Machine Guarding
Keep operator or others from getting to the point of operation
Point of operation is the point where the work is being done
Where the dies come together
Where the drill meets the metal
Keep employees from contacting mechanical hazards
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3. Most Frequent Machine Guarding Citations
Failure to identify all “point of operation” hazards
Removing guards or allowing a guard to remain off
Allowing employees to defeat guards such as taping over a switch or trip to make the operation more convenient
Overlooking that employees may be exposed to a hazard during non-production periods
Underestimating the accessibility of equipment
Tongue guards and tool rests missing or not adjusted on bench grinders
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4. Basics of Machine Safeguarding
Any machine part, function, or process which may cause injury must be safeguarded
Hazards must be controlled or eliminated to prevent accidental contact
Accidents of this type are needless and preventable
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5. Machines consist of three fundamental areas
Point of Operation
Power Transmission Device
Other Moving Parts
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6. Fundamental Areas
“Point of Operation” is the place and/or point of actual contact between a machine and the material being processed
Examples include cutting or shaping
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7. Fundamental Areas
“Power Transmission” transmits energy to the part of the machine performing the work
Examples include flywheels, pulleys, belts, connecting rods and chains
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8. Fundamental Areas
Other moving parts – All parts of the machine which move while the machine is working
rotating, reciprocating moving parts, feed mechanisms, and auxiliary parts of the machine
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9. Requirements for Safeguards
Prevent contact - safeguard must prevent contact with any part of body
Secure - guards must be secured to machine to prevent easy removal or tampering
Protect from falling objects - prevents objects from falling into moving parts
Creates no new hazard - guards should not have shear points or jagged edges
Creates no interference - safeguard must not keep workers from performing job quickly and comfortably
Allow for safe lubrication - workers should lubricate machines without removing guards
extend grease hoses to outside of guard
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10. Types of Machine Guarding
Barrier Guards
Fixed
Adjustable
Interlocked
Safe Guarding Devices
Movable barrier devices
Pull Back (pull out) and restraint devices
Presence-sensing safeguarding devices
Two-hand operating lever, trip and control devices
Safety mat devices
Safeguarding methods
Location/Distance
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11. Design, Construction, & Installation of Barrier Guards
Material used in the construction of barrier guards must be of such design and strength as to protect individuals from identified hazards.
Barrier guards must be free of sharp edges, burrs, slag welds, fasteners, or other hazards that may injure individuals when handling, removing or using the guards or equipment.
The design, construction, and installation of the barrier guard must ensure that individuals cannot reach the hazard by reaching over, under, around, or through the barrier guard.
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