200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt How Organisms Obtain Energy Photo- synthesis Cellular Respiration Fermentation General Facts

Where does all energy ultimately come from?

Sunlight

What is the difference between ADP and ATP?

ADP has 2 phosphate groups; ATP has 3 phosphate groups

What results from the removal of a phosphate group from ATP?

The release of energy

Compare the function of photosynthesis to that of cellular respiration and explain how they are considered reverse processes.

Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere (energy capture), & cellular respiration puts it back(energy release). The products of one process are the reactants of the other.

How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration alike?

Both processes involve energy transformations

If red, yellow, and orange pigments exist in plants, why are the leaves of some trees green except for in the fall?

Chlorophyll is the most abundant of all pigments

Where in the chloroplast is chlorophyll found?

in the thylakoid

What three things affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Water Temperature Light intensity

What are the reactants and products of Photosynthesis?

Reactants: water and carbon dioxide; Products: oxygen and sugars

What is the correct equation for photosynthesis?

6CO 2 + 6H 2 O  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Aerobic- requires oxygen Anaerobic- does not require oxygen

Cellular Respiration releases energy by breaking down what?

Glucose and other food molecules

Does cellular respiration occur in prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells, or both?

Eukaryotic cells

What are the reactants and products of cellular respiration?

Reactants: glucose and oxygen Products: Carbon Dioxide and water

What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?

6O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6  6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + Energy

What are the two main types of fermentation?

Alcoholic Fermentation & Lactic Acid Fermentation

Which type of fermentation takes place in yeast and causes bread dough to rise?

Alcoholic Fermentation

Where does lactic acid fermentation occur?

Muscle cells

Is fermentation an aerobic or anaerobic cellular process?

It is an anaerobic cellular process in which organic foods are converted into simpler compounds and chemical energy (ATP) is produced

What is found in your muscles and used when your cells run out of oxygen to make ATP?

Lactic Acid

What is the difference between a heterotroph and an autotroph? Give an example of each.

Heterotrophs need to eat food for energy- human, Autotrophs make their own energy- tree

What main product of photosynthesis is also the main reactant of cellular respiration?

glucose

Where does photosynthesis occur, and where does cellular respiration occur?

photosynthesis = chloroplasts, cellular respiration = mitochondria

What three things does ATP consist of?

Adenine Ribose phosphate

What are three sources of energy during exercise?

Stored ATP Cellular Respiration Lactic Acid Fermentation