Review of the Principles of Ecology Post Falls HS, Biology Eco 1
Reviewing Biosphere Zone of the earth which supports life, including parts of the: Lithosphere (solid earth) Hydrosphere (water bodies) Atmosphere (envelope of air)
Reviewing Abiotic vs Biotic
Reviewing Niche An organism’s role in the environment Producer, consumer (herbivore/carnivore), saprovore (scavenger/ decomposer)
Autotroph (Producer) Producer organism that makes its own food from sun or energy of chemical compounds Green plants, bacteria, some protists
Heterotroph (Consumer) Depend upon auto- trophs for energy and substance Herbivores eat plant material directly Carnivores eat animal material Omnivores eat both
Herbivores – 1 st Order Consumer (primary)
Carnivores-2 nd Order (secondary), 3 rd Order (tertiary), etc. Predator-Prey
Primary Secondary Tertiary
Scavengers are carnivores, too, but called saprovores (eat dead matter) Which are Saprovores?
Decomposers are saprovores, too! Decay and break down dead matter Recycle matter and use energy Macroscopic or microscopic like fungi or bacteria
Common Thread?
They were all omnivores !
Symbiosis Means “living together” Close and permanent relationship between organisms of different species Parasitism, Mutualism, and Commensalisms
Parasitism One benefits (parasite) and one is harmed (host) by the relationship
Mutualism Both benefit from the relationship. Food for the insect, pollination for the plant.
Commensalism One benefits while the other is apparently unaffected!
Food Chain
?
Actually, many crossing and interrelated food chains are known as a food web
Energy and Matter Energy is used at each step in a food chain or energy pyramid but is renewed constantly by the sun Matter (the material making up organisms) is recycled because its supply is finite
Energy Pyramid Only 10% of the energy of a level is passed on to the next level. 90% is used in the lives of the organisms at that level
Natural Cycles (recycling)
Quiz The part of the biosphere that includes all the water Hydrosphere
Quiz The thin layer of the earth in which life exists Biosphere
Quiz Which is an abiotic factor in our environment? Pine tree, sunlight, coyote, lichen Sunlight
Quiz A group of squirrels living together in Black Bay Park is an example of what? Population
Quiz Label each as a niche or habitat: Forest, herbivore, meadow, autotroph, tundra, lake Habitat, niche, habitat, niche, habitat, habitat
Quiz Which niche is found at the end of every food chain? Decomposer
Quiz Second order consumers are more often known as this Carnivore
Quiz The symbiotic relationship between you and the tapeworm in your intestines making you lose weight Parasitism
Quiz What do you call many interacting food chains? Food web
Quiz Which can be recycled in ecosystems: energy or matter? Matter