1. Interactions of Living things
Ecology

2. Two parts of an Environment
Biotic – All the living organisms in an environment.
Abiotic – All the non-living objects and factors in the environment.

3. How an organism makes a living.
Niche
How a population responds to the abundance of its resources and enemies.
How an organism makes a living.

4. Organization in the Environment
Organism – individual
Population – group of organisms of the same species that live in a specific location.

5. Organization in the Environment
Community – all the populations of species that live in the same habitat and interact with each other.
Ecosystem – A community of organisms and their abiotic environment.
Biosphere – the part of Earth where life exists.

6. Producers – make food from the sun.
Flow of Energy
Producers – make food from the sun.
Consumers – Eat producers and/or other consumers to get energy.
Decomposers – break down waste and dead organism. Natural recyclers.

7. Kinds of Consumers:
Herbivores – Eat nothing but plants
Carnivores – eats other animals
Omnivores – eat both plants and animals
Scavenger – omnivores that eat dead plants and animals. Example turkey vultures.

8. Food Chains and Food Webs
Food Chain – The flow of energy from one organism to the next.
Food Web – Diagram that shows the feeding relationships between organisms in an ecosystem.

9. Energy Pyramid
A triangular diagram that shows an ecosystem’s loss of energy, which results as energy passes through the ecosystem’s food chain.

10. Types of Interactions:
Limiting Factors – When a resource that is so scarce that it limits the size of a population.
Carrying Capacity – The largest population that can live in the environment can support.

11. Interactions between Organisms
Competition – organisms compete for food, water, shelter, space, sunlight.
Predator and prey
Symbiotic relationships
Coevolution

12. Predator and Prey:
Predators and Prey each of adaptations to use against the other.
Prey have camouflage, defensive chemicals, and warning colorations.

13. Symbiosis- relationship between two different organisms
Mutualism – When two organisms benefit
Commensalism – When one organisms benefits and the other is not affected.
Parasitism – When one organism benefits and the other is hurt.

14. Coevolution
The evolution of two species that is due to mutual influence often in a way that makes the relationship more beneficial to both species.