Organs in Animals and Plants
What is an Organ? Each organ is made up of a group of tissues that work together to perform a specific purpose Most organs are made up of several different types of tissues – E.g. heart is made up of muscle, connective, nervous, and epithelial tissue
Animal Organs
Skin Largest organ in your body Protects the inner cells from damage Defends against disease Made of two different layers: epidermis and dermis Epidermis prevents bacteria and viruses from entering the body and makes vitamin D when exposed to the sun
Skin Dermis is the inner layer made of: Connective tissue (blood and blood vessels) Nerves (sense pain, pressure, heat, and cold and send information to the brain) Muscle (produces Goosebumps)
Lung Involved in respiration lung is made of connective tissues and epithelial tissue Lungs coated with two sacs of connective tissue separated by thin layer of fluid
Breathing Breathe in through your nose/mouth Air moves through pharynx into your trachea Trachea is a flexible tube that is ringed with cartilage Air moves through trachea into bronchus, into smaller bronchial tubes, and then into tiny air sacs (called alveoli) Alveoli are surrounded by capillaries Oxygen passes from alveoli into blood in the capillaries Carbon Dioxide leaves the blood and enters the alveoli to be exhaled
The Heart Septum divides the interior of the heart into 2 halves Each halve has 2 chambers- an upper chamber called an atrium and a larger lower chamber called a ventricle Each chamber is separated by a valve
The Heart Cont’d Blood that has lost its oxygen and is carrying waste enters the heart through 2 large blood vessels called the vena cava Blood enters right atrium right ventricle the lungs Blood enters the left atrium left ventricle body
Organs of Digestion Tongue (epithelial, glands, connective, and muscle tissue) Esophagus: muscular tube leading from mouth to stomach Peristalsis: rhythmic contraction and relaxation of smooth muscles lining esophagus
Organs of Digestion Stomach (epithelial, connective, nervous, muscle tissue) Churns food with digestive juices and enzymes Moves into intestines Intestines Areas of chemical digestion and removal of wastes
Homework Pg. 63 # 1-5, 8-13 Diagrams of Lungs, and Heart
Plant Organs Recap of plant tissues 1.Epidermal 2.Ground 3.Vascular 4.Meristematic
The Roots Collect water from soil and transport it to the stem Store food made in other areas of the plant Bottom of root is covered by protective epidermal tissue (the root cap) Just below the root cap is a layer of meristematic tissue (allows root growth) Ground tissue and vascular tissue make up centre of root
The Leaf Tissues work together to perform photosynthesis Vascular tissue carries water from root to the leaf (and carries sugar to the rest of the plant) CO 2 enters via stomata Majority of leaf made of specialized ground tissue (mesophyll) – Location of photosynthesis
The Stem Two major functions – Transport water and nutrients throughout plant (vascular tissue) – Support leaves/flowers (ground tissue)
Homework Pg. 63 # 14-18