111 Dr. Nihad Almughany University of Palestine Faculty of Applied Engineering and Urban Planning Dept. of Architecture 2nd Semester Building Construction II (EAAS 3202 ) Lecture 9 Tile Works أعمال التبليط

22 Review of Last Lecture –Fireplaces Types of Fireplaces Function of Fireplaces Elements of the Fireplace Rules for building a fireplace

33 Tiles Works –Types of Tiles : Natural: –Marble ( Italian, Khalili, Karara, Granite, Perlato ) –Wood Manufactured: –Perlato –Mosaic Tiles –Terrazzo tiles –Interlock Cement Tiles –Ceramic –Porcelain –Mosaics –Linoleum, carpet, …. Etc.

4

5

6

7

88 Tiles Works –Location of Tiles : Floors ( Interior – Exterior ) Walls Sills Stairs Roads Sidewalks

99 Tiles Works –Stages of Tile works : Manufacturing of tiles Tiles supply Preparatory works –Plumbing and mechanical works –Electrical works –Wood frames Tiling Finishing

10

11 Tiles Works –Installation of Tiles ( Floors) : Preparation of Tiles: –Supply to site –Sinking in water Preparation of Floor: –Floor base –Sand ( dry and clean) 4 cms –( Mfalfala ( cement and sand) under ceramic tiles ) Mortar: (2-4 cms) –Cement (1) + Sand (3) + Lime (.5 ) + water –Use of white cement in case of light color tiles like Karara tiles Leveling: –Use of levels ( ( الودعات –Consider entrance level, Gal traps and networks levels. –Consider the slope especially in bathrooms and kitchens and in external works Pattern : Consider the pattern of tiles used – extension – Where to start

12 Tiles Works –Installation of Tiles ( Floors) Continued : Tiling: –Fix the tile on mortar –Tiles must be leveled according to the required level –Joints are equal, Perpendicular and Parallel –Use of cutting machine in cutting tiles –Do not walk on tiles or load it before they are dry. –Fill the ends and fix the skirting perpendicular to the floor. Filling the Joints الترويب: –Clean the tiles and the floor, spray water and fill the joints with cement filling with appropriate color. –Remove extra filling –Spray water –Cleaning or polishing tiles

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21 Tiles Works –Installation of Tiles ( Walls) : Preparation of Tiles: –Supply to site –Sinking in water Preparation of wall: –Remove additions and fill holes as in plaster –Add scratch and brown (1 st layer) plastering layers Mortar: (2 cms) –Cement (1) + Sand (3) + Lime (.5 ) + water –Use of white cement in case of light color tiles like Karara tiles Leveling: –Use of levels ( ( الودعات –Consider fixed levels such as worktops, bathtub, … etc. –Consider the verticality of the tiles Pattern : Consider the pattern of tiles used – extension – Where to start

22 Tiles Works –Installation of Tiles ( Walls) - Continued : Tiling: –Fix the tile on mortar –Tiles must be leveled according to the required level –Joints are equal, Perpendicular and Parallel –Use of cutting machine in cutting tiles –Do not load tiles before they are dry. –Use the Plastic or metal angles on projecting corners. Filling the Joints الترويب: –Clean the tiles, spray water and fill the joints with cement filling with appropriate color. –Remove extra filling –Spray water –Cleaning or polishing tiles

23

24 Tiles Works –Installation of Tiles : Sills Stairs Wooden floors Linoleum, carpet, … etc. Ornaments in tiles External interlock tiles

25

26 Tiles Works –The role of the engineer : Physical inspection of tiles when supply: –Homogeneous –Edges –Surface shape and level –Cracks and voids ((التنميل – التشعير – التفليق – التقشر – التنقير – الانفصال –Dimensions Laboratory testing: ( ( الفيزيائي – البري – الامتصاص - الكسر Before tiling: –Define level –Inspect all networks required –Define pattern During Tiling: –Mortar –Levels After Tiling: –Level –Edges –Joints –التطبيل – التسنين – انفصال البانيل – انفصال السيراميك