Greece: Athens InteractiveGreece: Athens Interactive Video of the Acropolis: History Channel Video of the Acropolis: History Channel Greece: Athens InteractiveVideo of the Acropolis: History Channel

Ancient Greece Αρχαία Ελλάδα An Introduction μια εισαγωγή

Location Greek PENINSULA: 300 miles long and juts into the AEGEAN SEA Greek PENINSULA: 300 miles long and juts into the AEGEAN SEA

Location Good bays and harbors for fishing and naval activities with many islands Good bays and harbors for fishing and naval activities with many islands

Location Occupations: Goat and sheep herding Occupations: Goat and sheep herding Crops: grains, grapes and olive Crops: grains, grapes and olive

Athens: Geography Held 40,000 citizens, 150,000 slaves, 10,000 foreigners Held 40,000 citizens, 150,000 slaves, 10,000 foreigners Polis  Greek word for city had an acropolis in the center for government meetings.

Athens: Geography 2 main centers: ACROPOLIS and CITADEL 2 main centers: ACROPOLIS and CITADEL Polis  Greek word for city had an acropolis in the center for government meetings.

Athens: Geography AGORA (market place) is the heart of the city. AGORA (market place) is the heart of the city. Parthenon, Greece : Video Parthenon, Greece : Video Parthenon, Greece Parthenon, Greece Polis  Greek word for city had an acropolis in the center for government meetings.

AGORA in: Thessaloniki Thessaloniki

Greek City-States Why? Why? Done because of mountains and islands. Done because of mountains and islands.

Greek City-States Why? Why? Done because of mountains and islands. Done because of mountains and islands. City-state: City and surrounding country side City-state: City and surrounding country side

Greek City-States Why? Why? Done because of mountains and islands. Done because of mountains and islands. City-state: City and surrounding country side City-state: City and surrounding country side A city-state is a city with its own laws, rulers, and money. A city-state is a city with its own laws, rulers, and money.

Greek City-States Why? Why? Done because of mountains and islands. Done because of mountains and islands. City-state: City and surrounding country side City-state: City and surrounding country side A city-state is a city with its own laws, rulers, and money. A city-state is a city with its own laws, rulers, and money. City-states were cities that acted like countries. City-states were cities that acted like countries.

Anyone know some the MAJOR city-states? Sparta Sparta Athens Athens Corinth Corinth Argos Argos Megara Megara

This is……SPARTA! Life was planned by the government Life was planned by the government All males at age 7 went to military school for rigorous athletic activities and training All males at age 7 went to military school for rigorous athletic activities and training All males served in the army All males served in the army King led the army King led the army Girls were given some training but were expected to be strong wives and mothers. Girls were given some training but were expected to be strong wives and mothers.

Spartan Government 2 Hereditary Kings 2 Hereditary Kings 5 Ephors (elected once a year from citizenry of 8000 men) sort of supervised the Kings (didn’t have to listen to the King) 5 Ephors (elected once a year from citizenry of 8000 men) sort of supervised the Kings (didn’t have to listen to the King) Council of elders- held office for LIFE; had to be over 60! Council of elders- held office for LIFE; had to be over 60! Assembly (voted on legislation proposed by Ephors)- made up of men over the age of 30 Assembly (voted on legislation proposed by Ephors)- made up of men over the age of 30 Had a constitution made: Rhetra Had a constitution made: Rhetra

Athens: Government Athens became the world’s first democracy around 508 B.C, before this it was OLIGARCHIC- WHAT IS THIS? Athens became the world’s first democracy around 508 B.C, before this it was OLIGARCHIC- WHAT IS THIS? THIS IS WHEN A GROUP OF LEADERS RULE. THIS IS WHEN A GROUP OF LEADERS RULE. Ruled by kings for a long time, but eventually fell Ruled by kings for a long time, but eventually fell Direct democracy= DEMOS=people and KRATEIN=rule  ALL PEOPLE were part of the government. Direct democracy= DEMOS=people and KRATEIN=rule  ALL PEOPLE were part of the government.

Government continued Assembly eventually becomes the supreme ruler Assembly eventually becomes the supreme ruler Senate or Council of 400 men implemented a jury system. Senate or Council of 400 men implemented a jury system. During the rule of Pericles, Athens becomes a “true” democracy. During the rule of Pericles, Athens becomes a “true” democracy.

Gov’t Continued Athenian democracy did not really give power to everyone. Most of the people in Athens couldn't vote - no women, no slaves, no foreigners (even Greeks from other city-states), no children couldn’t vote! Athenian democracy did not really give power to everyone. Most of the people in Athens couldn't vote - no women, no slaves, no foreigners (even Greeks from other city-states), no children couldn’t vote! SOLON (wise lawgiver) given power to improve conditions- helped the poor not be sold to slavery, debts, land distribution. SOLON (wise lawgiver) given power to improve conditions- helped the poor not be sold to slavery, debts, land distribution.

Architecture Homes used for sleeping and eating only Homes used for sleeping and eating only

Architecture AMPHITHEATER: for religious ceremonies, athletics and dramas. AMPHITHEATER: for religious ceremonies, athletics and dramas.

Architecture Homes used for sleeping and eating only Homes used for sleeping and eating only AMPHITHEATER: for religious ceremonies, athletics and dramas. AMPHITHEATER: for religious ceremonies, athletics and dramas. Columns: DORIC, IONIC AND CORINTHIAN Columns: DORIC, IONIC AND CORINTHIAN

Architecture Homes used for sleeping and eating only Homes used for sleeping and eating only AMPHITHEATER: for religious ceremonies, athletics and dramas. AMPHITHEATER: for religious ceremonies, athletics and dramas. Columns: DORIC, IONIC AND CORINTHIAN Columns: DORIC, IONIC AND CORINTHIAN FRIEZES: sculpted designs and figures found on upper part of buildings FRIEZES: sculpted designs and figures found on upper part of buildings

Architecture Homes used for sleeping and eating only Homes used for sleeping and eating only AMPHITHEATER: for religious ceremonies, athletics and dramas. AMPHITHEATER: for religious ceremonies, athletics and dramas. Columns: DORIC, IONIC AND CORINTHIAN Columns: DORIC, IONIC AND CORINTHIAN FRIEZES: sculpted designs and figures found on upper part of buildings FRIEZES: sculpted designs and figures found on upper part of buildings ACROPOLIS: was hilltop covered with buildings overlooking the city ACROPOLIS: was hilltop covered with buildings overlooking the city

Architecture Homes used for sleeping and eating only Homes used for sleeping and eating only AMPHITHEATER: for religious ceremonies, athletics and dramas. AMPHITHEATER: for religious ceremonies, athletics and dramas. Columns: DORIC, IONIC AND CORINTHIAN Columns: DORIC, IONIC AND CORINTHIAN FRIEZES: sculpted designs and figures found on upper part of buildings FRIEZES: sculpted designs and figures found on upper part of buildings ACROPOLIS: was hilltop covered with buildings overlooking the city ACROPOLIS: was hilltop covered with buildings overlooking the city PARTHENON: was sacred shrine built to honor ATHENA, guardian of the city. PARTHENON: was sacred shrine built to honor ATHENA, guardian of the city.

Greek Drama Began in 6 th century with one actor delivering speeches. Began in 6 th century with one actor delivering speeches. By 8 th century, included song and dances with men honoring DIONYSUS (god of wine) By 8 th century, included song and dances with men honoring DIONYSUS (god of wine) Wealthy citizens paid for the productions so that all could enjoy Wealthy citizens paid for the productions so that all could enjoy Large arenas hold 15,000 people. Large arenas hold 15,000 people.

Drama Continued Actors wore masks and costumes and remained on stage the entire time Actors wore masks and costumes and remained on stage the entire time Between dialogue, chorus sang or chanted Between dialogue, chorus sang or chanted Orchestra participated Orchestra participated Comedies or Tragedies Comedies or Tragedies