1. Bell Work What type of government do we have here in the U.S.?
*Don’t forget to copy the questions, and respond using complete sentences.
What type of government do we have here in the U.S.?
If you could start or develop your own government what would it be like? Who would rule? What would be the rules?

2. democracy rule by the people demokratia demo: kratia: the people
power or rule
rule by the people

3. Ancient Greece
Civilization

4. Main Idea:
The polis created a model for active citizenship, while the Athenian polis laid the foundations for democracy.

5. The Polis: Center of Greek Life
A. The polis was central focus of Greek life
The polis- the town, city, or village
People met for political, religious, social, and economic activities
B. City-states varied in size.
Athens was one of the largest
It had a population of more than ppl by 400 B.C.
Acropolis, Athens

6. The Polis: Center of Greek Life
C. The polis = a community of people
They shared a common identity and goals.
There were 3 groups:
1)Citizens w/ political rights (adult males)
2) Citizens w/out political rights (women and children)
3) Noncitizens (slaves and resident aliens)
* As their duty citizens had responsibilities i.e. passing laws

7. The Polis: Center of Greek Life
D. Tyrants, or rulers who seized power by force
They were not subject to the law
Controlled the Greek city-states in 7th and 6th centuries B.C.
They hired soldiers to stay in power
Built new marketplaces, temples and walls (these made them popular)
E. Greeks turned against tyrants
They felt tyranny was an insult to the ideal of law.
After, a democracy, was able to flourish in some city-states.

8. Bell Work 1. What three groups made up the polis in Athens?
*Don’t forget to copy the questions, and respond using complete sentences.
1. What three groups made up the polis in Athens?

9. The Polis: Center of Greek Life
F. Greek states developed different forms of government.
Some city-states became democracies (ruled by many)
Others – became oligarchies (ruled by a few)
Sparta and Athens demonstrate the differences

10. The Polis: Center of Greek Life
G. The city-state of Sparta created a military state.
All Spartan men enrolled in military service
They lived in military barracks
They could vote/live at home
Remained in the military until age 60
Spartan= self-disciplined

11. The Polis: Center of Greek Life
H. Spartan women were expected to be healthy to raise healthy children.
While husbands lived in barracks, women lived at home
They had more freedom and power than usual (other parts of Greece)
Upheld Spartan values (expected bravery from son/husband)

12. The Polis: Center of Greek Life
I. Sparta was headed by an oligarchy of two kings and a council of elders.
Council = 2 kings and 28 citizens over the age of 60
It had power to decide what issues to present to assembly
The assembly’s role = vote on issues (not debate them)
Five citizens= ephors to supervise edu. & conduct of polis
Gov’t structure conservative
A small group of older men had authority over Spartan policies

13. The Polis: Center of Greek Life
J. The art of war was the Spartan ideal.
Very closed society
Foreigners not allowed
Spartans not allowed to travel abroad
Discouraged from studying philosophy, literature, arts & critical thinking

14. Bell Work 1. What type of gov’t did Sparta have?
*Don’t forget to copy the questions or imbed them into your answers, and respond using complete sentences.
1. What type of gov’t did Sparta have?

15. The Polis: Center of Greek Life
K. A king ruled early Athens.
7th Century B.C.- ruled by an oligarchy of aristocrats who owned the best land and controlled political life
L. Near the end of the 7th century, economic problems led to political turmoil.
Many Athenian farmers sold into slavery for their debts to aristocrats.
People asked to cancel the debts and give land to the poor.
Civil war threatened.

16. The Polis: Center of Greek Life
M. The aristocrats gave power to Solon in 594 B.C.
Solon wanted reform (change).
He canceled the debts & released farmers from slavery.
He did not take land from the rich & give to the poor.
Only landowners could vote.
This left many w/out voice in Gov’t

17. The Polis: Center of Greek Life
N. In 508 B.C., another reformer, Cleisthenes emerged
He created a new council (500 ppl from local districts)
They supervised foreign affairs, oversaw the treasury, and proposed laws.
He gave the Athenian assembly (male citizens), authority to pass laws after free and open debate.
Cleisthenes’ reforms laid the foundation for Athenian democracy.

18. The Polis: Center of Greek Life
O. All male citizens voted to elect the Council of 500
Athens had a direct democracy b/c all male citizens debated legislation (laws)
P. Athenian democracy more limited than in modern times.
Women, foreign residents, and slaves were not considered active or voting citizens.
Q. Gov’t also limited because so many citizens actively participated.
On average, 6,000 men attended the assembly’s meetings (every 10 days)

19. The Polis: Center of Greek Life
R. The Age of Pericles 461 B.C. to 429 B.C.
Pericles advanced democracy
He payed salaries so more citizens could serve in public office
Under Pericles, Athenian culture flourished
i.e. temples and statues
Athens became the “school of Greece”

20. Bell Work
*Don’t forget to copy the questions or imbed them into your answers, and respond using complete sentences.
1. Athens had a direct democracy and the U.S. has a representative democracy. What do you think the difference is?

21. Athenian Government Athenian democracy = direct democracy.
Citizens were allowed to vote directly on laws and gov’t actions.
This is different from a representative democracy.
Citizens elect officials to vote on laws.
Example U.S. government
Citizens  President  Congress  Laws  Decisions

22. Athenian Democracy Ekklesia Boule The The The Dikasteria (Assembly)
(Council of 500)
The Dikasteria
(The Courts)