What exactly is cloning?

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Presentation transcript:

What exactly is cloning? Cloning is the creation of an organism that is an exact genetic copy of another. This means that every single bit of DNA is the same between the two! http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/tech/cloning/clickandclone/ Dolly IS IT CLONING ? OR NOT ? Test your cloning savvy with this interactive quiz. http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/tech/cloning/cloningornot/

Species cloned The modern cloning techniques involving nuclear transfer have been successfully performed on several species. Landmark experiments in chronological order: Tadpole: (1952) Carp: (1963) Mice: (1986) Sheep: (1996) MOLLY Rhesus Monkey: (January 2000) Gaur: (2001) Cattle: (males, 2001) and (2005) Cat: (2004) Dog: (2005) Rat: first cloned rat (2003) Mule: 2003 Horse: 2003 Water Buffalo: 2009 Camel: (2009)

The fused cell begins dividing, becoming an embryo. ____________ A donor cell is taken from a sheep’s udder. Donor Nucleus These two cells are fused using an electric shock. Fused Cell The fused cell begins dividing normally. Embryo The embryo is placed in the uterus of a foster mother. Foster Mother The embryo develops normally into a lamb—Dolly Cloned Lamb Egg Cell An egg cell is taken from an adult female sheep. The nucleus of the egg cell is removed. The fused cell begins dividing, becoming an embryo. ____________ The embryo develops into a cloned animal ____________________ An egg cell is taken from a donor animal ______________________ The embryo is implanted into the uterus of a foster mother. _______ The body cell and egg are fused by electric shock. ______________ A body cell is taken from a donor animal ______________________ The nucleus is removed from the egg. ________________________

1. What is a clone? 2. Is the following sentence true or false? For years, many scientists thought that it was impossible to clone bacteria ________________ 3. List two benefits of cloning: 4. List two concerns of cloning: 5. What kinds of mammals have been cloned in recent years? 6. Why do not scientists clone humans? A member of a population of genetically identical cells produced from a single cell true a) It may help to save endangered species b) It makes copies of transgenic animals Cloned animals may suffer from a number of genetic defects Cloned animals may have health problems Sheep, cows, pigs, mice, horse,… Many people oppose the cloning of humans because ethical, moral, and religious reasoning

7. Individual cells can be isolated from a mature plant and grown with special mixtures of growth hormones to produce a number of genetically identical plants. This process is known as 8. From a single monkey, an animal breeder claims that he has successfully cloned two monkeys. He displays the two monkeys, a male and a female, to the public. The claim of the breeder should be rejected because 9. Write a paragraph in which you express you opinion about cloning human beings. cloning The two monkeys are not genetically identical, they show different sex genders.