Grade 12 Exam S Riley

What is Art? Art covers 4 categories; aesthetics, art criticism, art history and the production of art. Define the 4 categories. Why do we study art and art history? What motivates “us”(as in mankind and you) to create art? What is the value in art? Define art according to its different values: material value, the intrinsic value, religious value, nationalistic value, and psychological value. Why are you producing art? What statement do you want to say with your art

Impressionism Post impressionism-Pointillism Expressionism-Fauvism Cubism Abstract art Op art Surrealism Abstract Expressionism Pop Art

Impressionism, starting approximately It is an art style that attempts to capture the rapidly changing affects of sunlight on objects. Characteristics of Impressionist paintings include visible brush strokes, open composition, emphasis on light in its changing qualities (often accentuating the effects of the passage of time), ordinary subject matter, the inclusion of movement as a crucial element of human perception and experience, and unusual visual angles. Made possible because of the invention of paint tubes. Famous artist : Claude Monet, Pierre- Auguste Renoir, Morisot, Rodin Claude Monet, Woman with a Parasol - Madame Monet and Her Son, 1875

Monet, Claude French, Grainstacks, end of summer 1891

CLAUDE MONET, Impression: Sunrise, Oil on canvas,

Post- Impressionism-both an extension of impressionism and a rejection of their limitations. It is a term used to describe various trends in the painting following impressionism-rejecting its limitations: they continued using vivid colours, thick application of paint, distinctive brush strokes, and real-life subject matter, but they were more inclined to emphasize geometric forms, to distort form for expressive effect, and to use unnatural or arbitrary colour. Artists: Paul Cezanne, Van Gogh, Paul Gauguin. Pointillism one trend developed by Seurat. Van Gogh’s Sunflowers Andre Derain,Mountains at Collioure (1905

Wheatfield with Crows (oil on canvas, 1890

Pointillism is a style of painting in which small distinct points of primary colors create the impression of a wide selection of secondary colors. Artist Seurat, Signac, and Cross. Georges Seurat, 'La Parade' (1889)

Expressionism/Fauvism started around Fauvists simplified lines, made the subject of the painting easy to read, exaggerated perspectives and used brilliant but arbitrary colors. They also emphasized freshness and spontaneity over finish. Expressionism started around It is the tendency of an artist to distort reality for an emotional effect; it is a subjective art form a style of art that emphasized the expression of innermost feelings. Famous Fauvism and Expressionist artist Matisse, Kirchner as Matthias, Grünewald and El Greco, Wassily Kandinsky, Vincent Van Gogh Henri MatisseHenri Matisse, Portrait of Madame Matisse (The green line), 1905, ScreamScream by Edvard Munch (1893)Edvard Munch

Munch – Madonna (1895)

Matisse, The Dance II,

Cubism started in It was a style in which objects and space around them are broken up into different shapes and then put back together in new relationships. 3 styles-early cubism, analytical, synthetic Famous artist Pablo Picasso, Popova, George Braque Pablo PicassoPablo Picasso, Le guitariste, An example of Analytic Cubism. Pablo PicassoPablo Picasso, Three Musicians (1921), Museum of Modern Art. Three Musicians is a classic example of Synthetic cubismThree MusiciansMuseum of Modern Art

Dada Art peaked from 1916 to 1922 Its purpose was to ridicule what its participants considered to be the meaninglessness of the modern world. In addition to being anti-war, dada was also anti-bourgeois and anarchistic in nature. Characterists-childlike, found materials Hans Arp. Entombment of The Birds and Butterflies (Portrait of Tristan Tzara), Painted wood relief. Hans Arp. Mustache Hat from 7 Arpaden (1923). Lithograph published in a portfolio.

Painting is "washed up," Duchamp said in Fountain, 1917

Dali, The Persistence of Time 1931 Surrealism emerged around It was an art style that probed the subconscious world of dreams for ideas. The works feature the element of surprise, unexpected juxtapositions. Famous artists: Savidor Dali, Chirico, Miro Rene’ Magritte False Mirror 1928

Abstract Expressionism an post WW II Started in Europe but was known as an American movement first named in It is an art style in which paint was freely applied to huge canvases in an effort to show feelings and emotions. Artist Jackson Pollock, Franz Kline, Kandinsky Jackson Pollock, No. 5, 1948 Franz Kline, Painting Number 2, 1954 Composition VII, 1913

Abstract art starting 1912 is now generally understood to mean art that does not depict objects in the natural world, but instead uses color and form in a non-representational way. Famous Artist Piet Mondrian, Kline. It can be used to describe a number of movements including Op art started in 1960’s. Piet Mondrian, Composition No. 10 Franz Kline, Painting Number 2, 1954

Op art, also known as optical art, is used to describe some paintings and other works of art which use optical illusions. Artists: Bridget Riley, M.C. Escher Movement in Squares, by Bridget Riley Relativity lithograph print by M. C. Escher in December 1953.

Victor Vasarely, Quasar-Fugue, , oil on canvas, x cm, Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art, Iran. A twentieth century art movement and style in which artists sought to create an impression of movement on the picture surface by means of optical illusion.

Pop Art was a visual artistic movement that emerged in the early 1950s. Pop art, like pop music, aimed to employ images of popular as opposed to elitist culture in art, emphasizing the banal (ordinary) or kitschy (decorative) elements of any given culture. Popular artist include Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein among others. Warhol, Jackie paintings, 1964 Jeff Koons, Rabbit, 1986,  Jeff Koons

Lichtenstein – Wham (1963)