WIND POWER

WIND An estimated 1% to 3% of energy from the Sun that hits the earth is converted into wind energy. The principle of wind is simple. The poles recieve less energy than the equater does from the sun. Also land heats up and cools down more quickly than the seas. This difference between the seas and the land causes a global atmospheric convection system.

GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT WIND TURBINES Producing electricity from wind power has started 100 years ago. The petroleum crisis in the 1970s has started the development in wind turbines. Modern wind turbines are generally two or three bladed. Their rotor diameter is generally 10 to 30 meters. Their lifetime is at least 20 years. They are controlled by a computer system. An economic power plant has a capacity of about 10-30MW. Wind speed increases by height so many tirbunes are around meters tall.

THE PRINCIPLE OF A WIND TURBINE The wind power can be gained by making it blow past the blades that will cause the rotor to twist. The amount of power transferred is directly proportional to the density of the air, the area swept out by the rotor, and the cube of the wind speed. It can be found out by the following equation:

1.Onshore Onshore wind turbines are placed in hilly and mountainous places and are at least three kilometers away from the nearest shore. 2.Near-shore Near-shore wind turbines are installed within three kilometers from the nearest shore or on water within ten kilometers from land. 3.Offshore Offshore wind turbines’ developement zones are at least ten kilometers away from land. TYPES OF WIND TURBINES

TYPES OF WIND TURBINES 4.Vertical-axis The main difference of vertical-axis wind turbine is that the blades are installed vertically while other turbins’ blades are installed horizontally. 5.Airborne Airborne wind turbines are tethered aeral turbines filled with helium.

WIND POWER IN TURKEY Turkey is a eligable country at the point of producing electricity from wind power because, 1.It is located in the temperate zone. 2.Surrounding dinamic pressure contrasts are very effective. 3.There are coasts on the northern, western and southern sides of the land. 4.The position and the outstrech of the mountains.

Wind potentials 50 meters above sea level at five different topographic situation. Inland areas Bare landsCoastsOpen seasHills and slopes

THE WIND POWER DISTRIBUTION FOR EACH REGION IN TURKEY Name of regionApproximated wind power density (W/m2) Mediterannian Region21.36 Centeral Anatolian Region20.14 Agean Region23.47 Blacksea Region21.31 Eastern Anatolian Region13.19 Southeastern Anatolian Region29.33 Marmara Region51.91

Primary locations for wind power in Turkey Where transportation is always possible and easy, Near the transformer stations. On top of bare hills. Balıkesir Şamlı İzmir Çeşme Gelibolu Fındıklı

Secondary locations for wind power Where transportation is always possible and easy Near transformer stations Coasts and fields Bandırma – Manyas – Karabiga Çeşme

Tertiary locations for wind power Where transportation is always possible, Near transformer stations, Bare lands( fields).

Fourth degree locations for wind power Where transportation is not always possible, so new road(s) must be built for maintenance of the turbines. not near transformation stations. Moderately planted hills. İzmir – Çeşme- Kocadağ Çanakkale – Ayvacık – Bozcaada – Gelibolu

Fifth degree locations for wind power Where transportation is not always possible, so new road(s) must be built for maintenance of the turbines. Not near transformation stations. Forested hills. Balıkesir – Balya – Yenice Çanakkale – Çan – Biga İzmir – Bergama

THE USE OF BIG-ROTOR TURBINES Electricity produced by big rotors get transferred to centeral electricity network. Some of the electricity that’s needed in industrial fields is provided from wind power.

THE USE OF SMALL-ROTOR TURBINES Small turbines are generally used in the fields where centeral electricity network has problems providing energy or there is no way to reach it. Settlements at country sides, farm houses, telecommunication and radio transmitters, forestry observation towers, military facilities, railroad signalization, fish farms, green houses, mines, ships are some examples of these fields. The electricity produced by these turbines get stored in generators.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF WIND POWER ADVANTAGES: 1.It’s unlimited. 2.They don’t cover up a lot of space and the spaces between are usable. 3.When the turbines become unusable they can be disposed easily and the area left behind can be reused. 4.Wind industry is developing speedily around the world. DISADVANTAGES: 1.They produce unwanted sounds. 2.They can block electromagnetic waves.

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