Year 11 Physical Education AS 1.2 Credits: 5 Miss Sandri Exercise Physiology Year 11 Physical Education AS 1.2 Credits: 5 Miss Sandri

HOSE 16 x Lessons CALENDAR AUGUST 2013 CALENDAR SEPTEMBER 2013 MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY 12 13 14 15 16 19 20 21 22 23 26 27 28 29 30 BIOMECANICS Force Summation Force Summation *Practical* No Lesson Hose- Theory Hose- Practical Newton’s Laws Theory Practical- Cross Country OR Frisbee Golf Projectile Motion/ Leavers Practical- Volleyball No Lesson Biomechanics Summary/ Short term responses of exercise Practical Lesson (speedball) Long Term Responses of Exercise Anaerobic Energy Systems No Lesson CALENDAR SEPTEMBER 2013 2 3 4 5 6 9 10 11 12 13 16 17 18 19 Summary- Energy systems Practical Lesson- Revision- Exercise Physiology Practical Lesson No Lesson Revision- Anatomy Revision- Biomechanics No Lesson Study Leave EXAM 1.20pm

BRADLEY 14 x Lessons CALENDAR AUGUST 2013 CALENDAR SEPTEMBER 2013 MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY 12 13 14 15 16 19 20 21 22 23 26 27 28 29 30 Force Summation/ Practical Bradley- Cross Country Bradley- Anatomy Bradley- Anatomy No Lesson Stability/ Force Summation Force Summation- Frisbee Golf Newton's Laws of Motion Practical Session-Volleyball No Lesson Biomechanics Revision & Short term responses Practical Lesson (netball) Long term responses of exercise Cross Country- No class  No Lesson CALENDAR SEPTEMBER 2013 2 3 4 5 6 9 10 11 12 13 16 17 18 19 Anaerobic & aerobic energy systems Practical Lesson Summary- Energy Systems Practical Lesson No Lesson Revision Exercise Physiology Revision- Anatomy Revision- Biomechanics Study Leave EXAM 1.20pm

Biomechanics Revision: 5 Quick Questions: Name the BOS, COG and LOG. Key points- to maximise stability you should… Lower the _____ Increase the size of the ____ Keep the ____ within the ____ The _____ passes within the ____ Define force summation. What are the three principles of force summation? Name Newton’s 3 laws of motion.

5 Quick Questions: Name the BOS, COG and LOG. Key points- to maximise stability you should… Lower the _____ Increase the size of the ____ Keep the ____ within the ____ The _____ passes within the ____ Define force summation. What are the three principles of force summation? Name Newton’s 3 laws of motion. Base of support (BOS); Centre of Gravity (COG); Line of Gravity (LOG). (COG) (BOS) (LOG) (BOS) (LOG) (COG) The sum of all forces generated by each body part. Timing, using the greatest number of body parts and sequence. Law 1: Inertia Law 2: Acceleration Law 3: Action/ Reaction

Exercise Physiology Short Term Physiological Responses to Exercise Long Term Physiological Responses to Exercise Anaerobic Energy Systems Aerobic Energy Systems

Body Systems Muscular system Cardiovascular/ Circulatory system Respiratory system

Short Term (Acute) Physiological Responses to Exercise Effects that take place while we are exercising…

Short Term Physiological Responses to Exercise Immediate or acute effects of exercise on the body. TASK: Measure your ‘resting’ heart rate (15 seconds then x4) 1 minute of strenuous exercise (star jumps, squat jumps, press ups, lunge jumps). Measure heart rate (15 seconds then x4) Listen to my instructions for timing

Thinking about the 1 minute of exercise you just did- What effects did you feel taking place within your body? BRAINSTORM

Short Term Physiological Responses to Exercise Immediate or acute effects of exercise on the body. Simplified answers: Increased temperature Increased heart rate Increased respiration ACHIEVED !!

Muscular System- Increased Temperature Muscles receive more blood and oxygen Working harder Muscles increase in temperature Bi-product of energy production Blood moves to surface of the skin (heat regulation) Sweating (heat regulation)

Cardiovascular- Cardiac Output Increases “The heart beats faster and stronger” The heart rate increases to ensure that more oxygen is delivered to the working muscles. This also allows Co2 to be removed from the body. Stroke volume also increases so the amount of blood processed each beat increases. (Cardiac output (Q) = SV x HR)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fy hYHlA7bZw Respiratory System- Increased Ventilation “Breathing quickens and deepens” Increase in the number of breaths per minute (respiratory rate) Increase in the amount of air taken in each breath. (tidal volume) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fy hYHlA7bZw

Short Term Effects of Exercise- Summary Muscular System Increased temperature Sweating Cardiovascular System Increased cardiac output Heart rate & stroke volume Deliver O2 and remove Co2 from muscles Respiratory System Increased ventilation Respiratory rate and tidal volume

Word List respiratory oxygen muscles heart transported increasing cardiovascular working breathing exercise lungs energy draws The ___________ and lungs are responsible for moving ___________ around the body. The _________________________ system inhales oxygen into the _______________ where it is ____________ into the blood. The ____________ system pumps _____________filled blood around the body where it provides the ________________ with the ______________ it needs to perform work. The cardio respiratory system _______________ more oxygen into the body as a response to ______________. It does this by _____________ both its _________________ and _______________ rate to deliver an increased quality of oxygen to _________________ muscles.

Word List respiratory oxygen muscles heart transported increasing cardiovascular working breathing exercise lungs energy draws The ___heart___ and lungs are responsible for moving __oxygen___ around the body. The ______respiratory____ system inhales oxygen into the _____lungs____ where it is______transported______ into the blood. The __cardiovascular_ system pumps ___oxygen__filled blood around the body where it provides the ____muscles_____ with the ___energy___ it needs to perform work. The cardio respiratory system ____draws ___ more oxygen into the body as a response to ___exercise___. It does this by ____increasing____ both its _____heart_____ and ___breathing___ rate to deliver an increased quality of oxygen to ______working_____ muscles.

Speedball http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zi3NqQ34oQI

Long Term (Chronic) Physiological Responses to Exercise Effects that take place following exercise weeks, months, years later…

Body Systems Muscular system Cardiovascular/ Circulatory system Respiratory system

Think about the effects of training on the body Think about the effects of training on the body. Try to link your answer to the three energy systems. BRAINSTORM

Long Term Physiological Responses to Exercise Effect of training on the body. Simplified answers: Muscles increase in size and strength. Size of the heart increases. The heart pumps more blood per beat (stroke volume). The cardiovascular system becomes more efficient. The recovery rate becomes quicker. Resting heart rate becomes lower. ACHIEVED !!

Muscular System Muscles increase in size and strength Hypertrophy Receiving more O2 Working harder Muscles become more flexible Subject to training Muscles receive more O2 From increases in the cardio respiratory system

Cardiovascular System Increased heart size Because the heart is a muscle too! The heart is pumping much more blood around the body to produce O2 and remove CO2. Exercising heart rate becomes lower Because the heart is larger (more blood pumped through per beat) Increased stroke volume Decreased resting heart rate Heart is bigger, therefore it doesn’t need to pump as often

Respiratory System The lungs can breathe in and out a greater volume of air, and with it oxygen. Increased efficiency for exchange in the lungs and muscles. This means more O2 being delivered to muscles and more Co2 being removed from the muscles.

The Interconnection between the 3 Energy Systems Muscular system Cardiovascular/ Circulatory system Respiratory system None of these effects are possible unless all three energy systems work together to increase O2 and remove Co2.

Short term response to exercise Long term response to exercise Body system Short term response to exercise Long term response to exercise Muscular Muscles receive more blood and oxygen Muscles increase in temperature Muscles become more flexible Muscles get larger and stronger Muscles get more blood Vessels can receive more oxygen Cardiovascular The blood is able to carry more oxygen Heart beat increases More blood pumped around body The heart gets larger Resting heart rate gets lower Heart rate returns to normal faster Exercise heart rate gets lower Respiratory Breathing rate increases Amount of air taken in each breath increases The lungs can breathe in and out a greater volume of air, and with it oxygen

Sticky Notes One thing you do not understand fully from the last two lessons (short term & long term effects of exercise). The aspect/ aspects that are the most difficult to understand from the whole content anatomy (bones/muscles/movements), biomechanics (stability/force summation/Netwon’s laws), physiology- be specific- what parts in particular?) One sport that you would like to play for practical lessons.

Don’t forget- lunch time tutorial

Energy Systems Anaerobic & Aerobic

Energy Systems Three pathways provide energy for physical activity. Two are anaerobic (without oxygen) and the other is aerobic (with oxygen).

Energy Systems The type of energy pathway used is dependent on the type of activity performed. Activity that is longer in duration and of low intensity is fuelled by the aerobic energy system Activity that is shorter in duration and of higher intensity is fuelled by the anaerobic energy systems

Energy Systems 0-10 seconds: ATP-PC system 10 seconds- 2 minutes- Lactic acid system 2 minutes + Oxygen system - Aerobic Anaerobic

The Energy Systems Overlap Aerobic Anaerobic ATP-PC http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5G8cVpXpsL8

Anaerobic Energy Systems- Sports Sports and activities that use this energy system include team sports such as; Rugby Netball Soccer where high intensity activity is performed for short periods of time.

Anaerobic Exercise Anaerobic exercise is defined as exercise performed at an intensity where a persons cardiovascular system cannot supply enough oxygen to keep up with demand and therefore energy is produced without the presence of O2.

Lactic Acid Lactic acid is a bi-product of this energy production resulting in muscle soreness and will lead to a decrease in work intensity or a build up of lactate to the point where exercise can no longer continue.

Anaerobic Energy System- Key Points Anti- oxygen Exercise performed without oxygen. Usually lasts for around 0-2 minutes. First 10 seconds include the ATP- CP system.

Aerobic Exercise Aerobic exercise is defined as exercise performed at intensity when a persons cardiovascular system can supply enough oxygen to keep up with demand. Examples include running, swimming and biking long distances.

Activity 1: Identify which energy system is used the most in each sport. EVENT AEROBIC ANAEROBIC LACTIC ATP-PC 100m Sprint Marathon Triple Jump 400m Long Jump 800m Javelin High Jump Shot Put 3000m

Activity 1: Identify which energy system is used the most in each sport. EVENT AEROBIC ANAEROBIC LACTIC ATP-PC 100m Sprint X Marathon Triple Jump 400m Long Jump 800m Javelin High Jump Shot Put 3000m

5 Quick Questions: True or false- The aerobic energy system does not use oxygen. True or false- The anaerobic energy system comes into effect at 2 minutes + Describe the anaerobic energy system. What energy system would be most predominant in these sports? Football/soccer 400m run Shot put 3000m run Marathon Draw the energy systems graph

5 Quick Questions: True or false- The aerobic energy system does not use oxygen. True or false- The anaerobic energy system comes into effect at 2 minutes + Describe the anaerobic energy system. What energy system would be most predominant in these sports (anaerobic or aerobic)? Football/soccer 400m run Shot put 3000m run Marathon Draw the energy systems graph FALSE (the anaerobic energy system doesn’t use oxygen) FALSE (the aerobic energy system comes into effect at 2 minutes + Short duration, high intensity, ATP-PC (0-20seconds), lactic acid (20seconds-2minutes) Anaerobic Aerobic

Hurdles vs. Marathon See if you can complete this worksheet without looking at your notes.

Simon Says:

Paragraph Format- Energy Systems Explain in detail anaerobic and aerobic energy systems. Finished? Come and get a puzzle worksheet.

HOSE 16 x Lessons CALENDAR AUGUST 2013 CALENDAR SEPTEMBER 2013 MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY 12 13 14 15 16 19 20 21 22 23 26 27 28 29 30 BIOMECANICS Force Summation Force Summation *Practical* No Lesson Hose- Theory Hose- Practical Newton’s Laws Theory Practical- Cross Country OR Frisbee Golf Projectile Motion/ Leavers Practical- Volleyball No Lesson Biomechanics Summary/ Short term responses of exercise Practical Lesson (speedball) Long Term Responses of Exercise Anaerobic Energy Systems No Lesson CALENDAR SEPTEMBER 2013 2 3 4 5 6 9 10 11 12 13 16 17 18 19 Summary- Energy systems Practical Lesson- Revision- Exercise Physiology Practical Lesson No Lesson Revision- Anatomy Revision- Biomechanics No Lesson Study Leave EXAM 1.20pm

BRADLEY 14 x Lessons CALENDAR AUGUST 2013 CALENDAR SEPTEMBER 2013 MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY 12 13 14 15 16 19 20 21 22 23 26 27 28 29 30 Force Summation/ Practical Bradley- Cross Country Bradley- Anatomy Bradley- Anatomy No Lesson Stability/ Force Summation Force Summation- Frisbee Golf Newton's Laws of Motion Practical Session-Volleyball No Lesson Biomechanics Revision & Short term responses Practical Lesson (netball) Long term responses of exercise Cross Country- No class  No Lesson CALENDAR SEPTEMBER 2013 2 3 4 5 6 9 10 11 12 13 16 17 18 19 Anaerobic & aerobic energy systems Practical Lesson Summary- Energy Systems Practical Lesson No Lesson Revision Exercise Physiology Revision- Anatomy Revision- Biomechanics Study Leave EXAM 1.20pm

Summary of Physiology 5 Quick Questions: List 3 short term effects of exercise on the body. List 3 long term effects of training/exercise on the body. What are the two energy systems? Give 5 key points for each system. Draw the energy systems graph.