How fast will Water Freeze? 9-3 project 2

Purpose How fast will water freeze by mixing things like salt, sugar, and flour in it.

Hypothesis I think that the cold water will freeze first because it will already be close to the freezing point.

Materials The materials I used are: - Water (Hot and Cold) - Measuring cup -sugar -salt -spoon -freezer -empty water bottles -flour

Method 1. Get 8 empty water bottles and wash them out. 2. Fill four of the bottles with hot water and fill four with cold water. 3. Put 1 tablespoon of salt in a bottle of hot water and a tablespoon of salt in a bottle of cold water. 4. Repeat step 3 with the sugar and flour. Leave one bottle with just cold water and one bottle with just hot water. 5. Put all 8 bottles in a deep freezer for at lest 4 hours and then check them every minuets until they are all frozen. Record the time taken to freeze each one.

Variables Controlled: bottles, amount of water, amount of sugar, salt, and flour, time to let them sit, the temperature in the freezer. Manipulated: what I mixed in the water. Responding: the time taken to freeze each one.

Results After doing my experiment, I found that cold water with sugar mixed in it froze faster and hot and cold water with salt mixed in with it froze the slowest. Cold water with flour froze second fastest. Hot water with sugar and cold water froze third fastest. Hot water with flour froze fourth fastest.

Analysis Try 1Try 2 Cold8 Hrs7.5 Hrs Cold with Sugar9 Hrs5 Hrs Cold with Flour8 Hrs6.5 Hrs Cold with SaltOver 24 hrs Hot8 Hrs7.5 Hrs Hot with SaltOver 24 hrs Hot with Sugar9 Hrs6.5 Hrs Hot with Flour8 Hrs

Conclusion Cold water with sugar froze first. My hypothesis was wrong because I thought that the cold would freeze first.

Sources of Error Three ways that my project could have gave me the wrong results are: 1. There may not have been the same amount of water in each bottle. Some of it could have spilled. 2. Some of the sugar, salt, or flour could have spilled before it got into the bottle. 3. The freezer could have been a different temperature each time.

Ways to Improve Three ways that I could have improved my project are: 1. find some way to keep the temperature of the cold water the same and the temperature of the hot water the same. 2. make sure that all the bottles are identical. 3. find a way to keep the same amount of water in all the bottles and the same amount of sugar, salt, and flour in each bottle.