Growth Strategies for Secondary Education in Asia Using ICTs for Teaching and Learning in Secondary Education: Asian Country Experiences and Lessons Learned Growth Strategies for Secondary Education in Asia Seminar, 19-21 Sept. 2005 ICTs – Information and COmmunication Technologies Cédric Wachholz, Chief, ICT in Education Unit UNESCO Asia and Pacific Regional Bureau for Education

Technologies in secondary education: Waste necessity? or CHALLENGE: mixed audience – get us onto one level of understanding

Tech or not to tech education...? Right question? Tech or not to tech education...? When are ICTs the most appropriate tools to achieve which educational objectives

What will you get out of this? A set of eight key questions Learn about and see examples Summary of Lessons learned

ICT in Education projects HED: ODL Knowledge base ICT in Education projects Reduce disparities in educational access and quality through ICTs Integrate ICTs effectively into teaching and learning Assist in the policy, professional, curriculum and content development, in the hard- and software creation/ acquisition & decisions Teacher training, Professional Development ASEAN Schoolnet Techn. & vocat. training Most projects are JFIT funded Order of project appearance Projects in 22 countries in the region Non-Formal Education Clearing-house Clearing-house Indicator Indicator Meta-survey POLICY

Overview Secondary Education Challenges Dilemmas Potential and Reality: ICTs for teaching & learning Expanding access Enhancing the quality of teaching and learning Conditions for successful ICT integration Systematic planning approach Lessons learnt

„4 Take aways“!

Educational objectives first! „Take away“! Educational objectives first!

„4 Take aways“! Educational objectives first! Not: Tech or not to tech education

Vertical and horizontal integration

„4 Take aways“! Educational objectives first! Not: Tech or not to tech education Vertical and horizontal integration Policy Training Content Hardware Curriculum Assessment Decisionmaker Ministry of Ed Schoolleader Teacher Etc.

TechnologieS

„4 Take aways“! Educational objectives first! Not: Tech or not to tech education Vertical and horizontal integration TechnologieS – consider all options Policy Training Content Hardware Curriculum Assessment Decisionmaker Ministry of Ed Schoolleader Teacher Etc.

Pilot, soft components first

„4 Take aways“! Educational objectives first! Not: Tech or not to tech education Vertical and horizontal integration TechnologieS – consider all options Pilot -soft components like ICT enhanced content, professional development- first, then go scale Policy Training Content Hardware Curriculum Assessment Decisionmaker Ministry of Ed Schoolleader Teacher Etc.

National Challenges Economic Shifts and Demands The Challenges National Challenges Economic Shifts and Demands Knowledge Dependent Societies Technological Innovations Digital Divide

The eternal triangle Quality Access Cost The Challenges Quality and relevance in the WB publications: Expanding Opportunities and Building Competencies for Young People A New Agenda for Secondary Education (WB 2005) Cost

The Challenges The eternal triangle Quality Access Cost

The Challenges The eternal triangle Quality Access Cost

The eternal triangle: When could this happen? The Challenges The eternal triangle: When could this happen? Access Quality Open and Distance Learning (ODL) Cost

Educational Challenges The Challenges Educational Challenges Limited access to education and learning Inequities in educational opportunities Quality of learning Efficiency of education systems New and escalating demands

Educational objectives first! „Take away“! Educational objectives first!

ICTs for which educational goals? The Challenges ICTs for which educational goals? Expanding Educational Opportunities? Increasing Efficiency? Enhancing Quality of Learning? Enhancing Quality of Teaching? Facilitating Skill Formation? Sustaining Lifelong Learning? Improving Policy Planning and Management? Narrowing the Digital Divide?

Secondary ED challenges The Challenges Secondary ED challenges „...Policymakers need to understand that altering pedagogy requires a change in what teachers believe.“ Larry Cuban 1986 p. 103 Expanding Opportunities and Building Competencies for Young People A New Agenda for Secondary Education (WB 2005): CHapter 6: Responding to the Twin Challenges: Teachers, Teaching and Technology, p. 103ff

When do teachers do the right thing? The Challenges When do teachers do the right thing? Mission - believe in doing Skills – Know how to do it Impact – know why it would be helpful Motivation – want to do it Power - Have the tools and resources Legitimacy - Are empowered to do it Recognition - are rewarded for it Source: www.reinventingeducation, IBM foundation

a Are ICTs the Solution? X Questions about Value of ICT The Dilemmas X a Are ICTs the Solution? Questions about Value of ICT Affordability Sustainability Implementability With limited resources – where best to invest The pressures Vendors Parents Businesses Technology advocates The record

What is the potential value of ICTs? Access Potential Of ICTs Community Linkages Efficiency Effective Learning For All Planning & Management Learning Anytime Anywhere Lifelong Learning Through... Teaching About…, Skill Formation With ICTs

Teaching and learning... Through ICTs: a delivery system The Potential Teaching and learning... Through ICTs: a delivery system Radio Broadcast Interactive radio Instruction Television E-learning, virtual schools & universities

TechnologieS

Technologies Suitcase Radio Station Crank Radio Crank/Solar Radio Digital Satellite Radio

Teaching and learning... Through ICTs: a delivery system The Potential Teaching and learning... Examples of Sec Ed curricula Through ICTs: a delivery system About ICT use: computer literacy For teachers: train for immediate use www.itrainonline.org As a focus of study

Teaching and learning... Through ICTs (delivery system) The Potential Teaching and learning... Through ICTs (delivery system) About ICT use: computer literacy With ICTs, as tools to enhance and change education: Enhancing subject teaching and learning Transforming the learning environment

Pedagogy-technology integration stages Evolution Pedagogy Transforming Infusing Applying Competencies Emerging Technology

3. ICTs for What Learning Purposes? Allow viewing of stored Information? Foster exploration of materials and ideas? Enable the application of a concept or understanding to a new situation? Organize materials or ideas to foster analysis Support evaluation and problem-solving Facilitate constructing or designing projects

Educational objectives first! „Take away“! Educational objectives first!

Learning objectives and technologies Text Audio Video Computer Internet Storage or display X Exploration Application Analysis Evaluation Constructing or design of Project

Source: Engauge: North Central Regional Educational Laboratory (http://www.ncrel.org/engauge/highlite.htm) Refernce to MoE

Enhancing Quality of Learning Potential Motivate and engage learners Bring life to concepts and processes Foster Inquiry Provide flexibility Allow application of information Provide access to world of information Bring the world into the classroom Offer collaborative opportunities and communication Offer tutored and individualized learning Solutions Radio &TV Multimedia Learning Modules Virtual labs Connecting to the Worlds Designing and creating things Korea – 1/3 of students were not aware

Enhancing Quality of Teaching Issues Difficult profession No one-shot training Continuum Initial training Lifelong upgrading Connecting Solutions Multimedia training and Support System Training Videos Teacher development Portal Internet resources for teachers E-learning

Which conditions will lead to successful teacher training & ICT integration?

Professional Development The realities Lessons learned 1) Systematic planning, policy development POLICY Teacher training, Professional Development 2) Guidelines and training for Teacher Education institutions ASEAN Schoolnet 3) ICT integration into Secondary Maths, Science, English teaching in eight ASEAN countries Order of project appearance Projects in 22 countries in the region Indicator 4) ICT in ED indicators Clearing-house

SchoolNet: ICT-enhanced content Curriculum review in eight ASEAN countries Selection of common topics Production of regional materials Production of national materials in national language 15 best off back into English

Lessons learned UNESCO case studies Malaysia Philippines Indonesia Republic of Korea Singapore Thailand

1) Broader Environmental Context Same vision, ICT part of masterplan Educational objectives: holistic approach Adequate technological infrastructure Appropriate enabling environment: -integral part of the education masterplan

2) Policy and regulatory environment Working closely with other government organisations Horizontal and vertical integration Pilot first, phased implementation Legal, regulatory framework: initial filtering Narrow digital divide A: Defining clearly roles and responsibilities

Vertical and horizontal integration

2) Policy and regulatory environment

3) Management and Financing Have a champion on all levels Include ICT in Ed in adminstrator support programme: -Hardware only 1/3 of costs! Team of educators and technologists, coordination with other projects; Public-private partnerships A: Defining clearly roles and responsibilities

4) ICTs in Schools – Policy, vision and strategy Clear, shared vision & master plan Appoint ICT coordinator, best: not technology expert, but champion Support & encouragement from school leader Parent & community support accelerates change A: Defining clearly roles and responsibilities

5. Curriculum, Pedgaogy and Content development ICTs as tools to meet curricular goals; need to reconsider assessment Shift in pedagocial approaches: time consuming Clearing house: quick and easy access tor resources Mechanism to evaluate content, local language A: Defining clearly roles and responsibilities

6. Professional development Peer and school-based training of teachers: Their workplace! For classroom use Continuous training, built-in process, benefit to teachers Incorporate e-learning, including online learning Capacity building for personnel at all levels Incentive system, motivational strategies Change mindsets through buddy systems (mentors)

7) Technology, infrastructure and connectivity Phone company, IPS support Balance equity and effectiveness, reach marginalized areas Connectivity Options Donation of computers: vocational colleges provide maintenance?! Online & Offline resources, in-house training for Learning Management Systems Open Source software Maintenance A: Defining clearly roles and responsibilities

8) Monitoring and evaluation Document benefits Methodologies: Quantitative and qualitative methods Starts with programme design, continuous process A: Defining clearly roles and responsibilities

8 keys to successful ICT integration Broader environmental context Policy and regulatory framework Management and financing ICT in Schools –Policy, Vision and Strategy Professional Development Curriculum, Pedagogy, and Content Development Technology Infrastructure and connectivity Monitoring and evaluation

Join the NET-project Next Generation of Teachers (NET-) project vision: By 2008, all member states will offer the future generation of teachers an education on how and when to use technologies best for teaching and learning, through training integrated in all national PRE-SERVICE TEACHER TRAINING INSTITUTIONS in the Asia Pacific Region…”

Keep in mind... contact us: Email: Website: ICTinfo@unescobkk.org www.unescobkk.org/education/ict