1. GLOBAL EDUCATION & LINKAGES
ICT for Education
An Overview
Prepared by
Kelvin K. Omieno

2. Overview ICTs in Education – Dilemmas and Realities
Role and Nature of ICTs in Education
Potential of ICTs
From Potential to Effectiveness

3. Dilemmas Realities Monolithic Automatic Computers Substitute Vendors
Analyze Educational objectives
Determine Objective for ICT
Understand Potential of ICTs
Examine suitability of ICTs
Plan program of investment
Implement prerequisites and corequisites
Evaluate and adjust continuously
Qs about Value of ICTs
Monolithic
Automatic
Computers
Substitute
Vendors
Parents
Business
Techies
Belief
Doubt
Wait
Decision
Maker
Myths
Pressures

4. Necessity of ICTs Effective Learning For All Anytime Anywhere
Globalization of
Economy
Information
Tech Innovations
Knowledge-based
Society
Escalating Demand
for Education
For All
Anytime
Anywhere

5. ICTs for What Purpose ICTs for Learning Objectives Learning Objective
Technology
Text
Audio
Video
Computer
Internet
Storage or display x
Exploration
Application
Analysis
Evaluation
Constructing or design of project

6. ICTs for What Purpose ICTs for Teaching Objectives Teaching Objective
Technology
Text
Audio
Video
Computer
Internet
Presentation x
Demonstration
Drill and practice
(e.g., Language lab)
Animation and simulation
Research
Collaboration/ communication
networked
Management of student learning

7. ICTs for What Purpose ICTs and the School Technologies on Location
Technologies at a Distance
Printed matter
Correspondence
Slides, transparencies
Scanners
Digital notepads and white boards
Audiotapes
Radio
Films and videos
TV broadcasts
Digital books
Web pages
CDs
Web: Internet, intranet
Computer projection
Webcast

8. Potential ICTs Access Community Linkages Efficiency Planning &Of
ICTs
Efficiency
Planning &
Management
Learning
Lifelong
Learning
Teaching
Skill Formation

9. Potential: 1. Expanding Educational Opportunities
Radio Broadcast
Interactive Radio Instruction
Television
Virtual Schools
Virtual Universities

10. Potential: 2. Increasing Efficiency
Issues
Dual Shift Systems
Multigrade Schools
Small Urban or Rural Schools
Flexibility in Learning Schedule
Solutions
Broadcast Radio
Interactive Radio
Educational TV
Virtual Online Courses

11. Potential: 3. Enhancing Quality of Learning
Motivate and engage learners
Bring life to concepts and processes
Foster inquiry
Provide flexibility
Allow application of information
Provide access to world of information
Bring the world into the classroom
Offer collaborative opportunities and communication
Offer tutored and individualized learning
Solutions
Radio and TV
Multimedia Learning Modules
Virtual Labs
Connecting to the Worlds
Designing and Creating Things

12. Potential: 4. Enhancing Quality of Teaching
Issues
Difficult Profession
No One-Shot Training
Continuum
Initial Training
Lifelong Upgrading
Connecting
Solutions
Multimedia Training and Support System
Training Videos
Teacher Development Portal
Internet Resources for Teachers

13. Potential: 5. Facilitating Skill Formation
New Workplace Realities
E-Training
Just-in-Time
Convenient Place
Up-to-Pate
User-centric
Solutions
Simulations
Competency-based multi-media
Video and Interactive media
Workplace Training

14. Potential: 6. Sustaining Lifelong Learning
Issues
Workers need to learn new skills
Modern societies demand constant updating
The “educated” can become obsolete
Life-cycle pattern is changing
Solutions
Radio and TV
Multimedia Packages
Online Courses
Open Universities
“Third Age” Universities

15. Potential: 7. Improving Policy Planning & Management
Management of Institutions and Systems
School: Admissions, student flow, personnel, staff development, facilities…
System: School mapping, personnel payroll, MIS, communication, information, . . .
Management of Policy Making
Storage and analysis of data
Construction and assessment of policy scenarios
Tracer studies and tracking systems

16. Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages
Growth in ICT Access
Millions

17. Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages
Telephones, Cellular phones and PCs per 1,000 inhabitants 20 40 60 80
100
120
140
Africa
America w/o US
& Canada
US and Canada
Asia
Europe
Oceania
WORLD
Telephone subscribers/100 Inhabitants
Cellular subscribers/100 Inhabitants
PCs/100 inhabitants

18. Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Africa
America w/o US
& Canada
US and Canada
Asia
Europe
Oceania
WORLD
Internet Hosts/10,000
inhabitants
Internet Users/10,000 inhabitants
Internet hosts and users per 10,000 inhabitants

19. Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages
ICT access varies within countries
Disparities is magnified by gender factor
ICT access contributes to escape from poverty
ICT access for all requires attention to
Infrastructure
Cost
Laws and regulations

20. Radio Stations and Receivers
Suitcase Radio Station
Crank/Solar
Radio
Crank Radio
Digital
Satellite
Radio

21. Telecenters

22. Women-Friendly Telecenters
Within accepted culture; fosters harmony
Women do not have to travel far
Center meets needs of men and women
No childcare problem
Space is roomy and provides privacy
Staff is well integrated

23. Potential
Prerequisites
Corequisites
Effectiveness

24. From Potential to Effectiveness
Educational Policy
Approach to ICTs
Infrastructure
ICT-Enhanced Content
Committed and Trained Personnel
Financial Resources
Integration
Piloting and Evaluation

25.  X Conclusion To Tech or not to Tech Education
ICT ――►Education More Effective and Responsive 
ICTs

26. “We do not think anymore of the spectacle of printing every time we read a book, the phenomenon of TV every time we watch a movie, or the miracle of the telephone every time we make a call.
The ultimate success of ICTs for learning will be attained when we stop marveling about the ICTs and apply our minds and emotions to the wonders of learning.”

27. The End

28. Levels of ICTs for Different Learning Objectives and Roles of Learners
Constructing or design of Project
Evaluation
Analysis
Application
Exploration
Storage or display
Passive ACTIVE
LEARNER’S ROLE

29. Levels of ICTs for Different Teaching Uses and Roles of Teachers
Management of Student Learning
Collaboration/Co mmunication
Research
Animation/ Simulation
Drill & Practice
Demonstration
Presentation
Provider Facilitator TEACHER’S ROLE
TEACHING OBJECTIVE
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30. Infrastructure Wind Power Generator Solar Energy Namibia Schoolnet
Pedal Power Generator
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31. 31-48% 5. Costing and Budgeting Total Cost of Ownership
Acquisition - hardware and software
Installation and configuration
Connectivity
Maintenance : % of initial investment
Supplies: %
Utilities: %
Computer training %
Retrofitting of physical facilities
replacement costs (5-7 years)
Additional Costs
Acquisition and creation of content materials
Orientation and training of staff
Testing, evaluation and adjustment
31-48%
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