1. ICT for Education An Overview Prepared by Wadi D. Haddad

2. Overview ICTs in Education – Dilemmas and Realities Role and Nature of ICTs in Education Potential of ICTs From Potential to Effectiveness

3. Dilemmas Qs about Value of ICTs Myths Pressures Belief Doubt Wait Belief Doubt Wait Monolithic Automatic Computers Substitute Monolithic Automatic Computers Substitute Vendors Parents Business Techies Vendors Parents Business Techies Realities Analyze Educational objectives Determine Objective for ICT Understand Potential of ICTs Examine suitability of ICTs Plan program of investment Implement prerequisites and corequisites Evaluate and adjust continuously Decision Maker

4. Necessity of ICTs Globalization of Economy Information Tech Innovations Knowledge-based Economy Society Escalating Demand for Education Effective Learning For All Anytime Anywhere

5. ICTs for Learning Objectives ICTs for What Purpose Learning ObjectiveTechnology TextAudioVideoComputerInternet Storage or displayxxxxx Explorationxxxxx Applicationxxx Analysisxx Evaluationxxxxx Constructing or design of project xxx

6. ICTs for What Purpose ICTs for Teaching Objectives Teaching ObjectiveTechnology TextAudioVideoComputerInternet Presentationxxxxx Demonstrationxxxxx Drill and practicex(e.g., Language lab) xx Animation and simulationxx Researchxxxxx Collaboration/ communicationnetworkedx Management of student learningxxx

7. ICTs and the School Technologies on LocationTechnologies at a Distance Printed matterCorrespondence Slides, transparencies Scanners Digital notepads and white boards AudiotapesRadio Films and videosTV broadcasts Digital booksWeb pages CDsWeb: Internet, intranet Computer projectionWebcast ICTs for What Purpose

8. Potential Of ICTs Access Efficiency Learning Teaching Skill Formation Lifelong Learning Planning & Management Community Linkages

9. Potential: 1. Expanding Educational Opportunities Radio Broadcast Interactive Radio Instruction Television Virtual Schools Virtual Universities

10. Potential: 2. Increasing Efficiency Issues Dual Shift Systems Multigrade Schools Small Urban or Rural Schools Flexibility in Learning Schedule Solutions Broadcast Radio Interactive Radio Educational TV Virtual Online Courses

11. Potential: 3. Enhancing Quality of Learning Potential Motivate and engage learners Bring life to concepts and processes Foster inquiry Provide flexibility Allow application of information Provide access to world of information Bring the world into the classroom Offer collaborative opportunities and communication Offer tutored and individualized learning Solutions Radio and TV Multimedia Learning Modules Virtual Labs Connecting to the Worlds Designing and Creating Things

12. Potential: 4. Enhancing Quality of Teaching Issues Difficult Profession No One-Shot Training Continuum Initial Training Lifelong Upgrading Connecting Solutions Multimedia Training and Support System Training Videos Teacher Development Portal Internet Resources for Teachers

13. Potential: 5. Facilitating Skill Formation New Workplace Realities E-Training Just-in-Time Convenient Place Up-to-Pate User-centric Solutions Simulations Competency-based multi-media Video and Interactive media Workplace Training

14. Potential: 6. Sustaining Lifelong Learning Issues Workers need to learn new skills Modern societies demand constant updating The educated can become obsolete Life-cycle pattern is changing Solutions Radio and TV Multimedia Packages Online Courses Open Universities Third Age Universities

15. Potential: 7. Improving Policy Planning & Management Management of Institutions and Systems –School: Admissions, student flow, personnel, staff development, facilities… –System: School mapping, personnel payroll, MIS, communication, information,... Management of Policy Making –Storage and analysis of data –Construction and assessment of policy scenarios –Tracer studies and tracking systems

16. Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages Growth in ICT Access Millions

17. Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages Telephones, Cellular phones and PCs per 1,000 inhabitants 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 AfricaAmerica w/o US & Canada US and CanadaAsiaEuropeOceaniaWORLD Telephone subscribers/100 Inhabitants Cellular subscribers/100 Inhabitants PCs/100 inhabitants

18. Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages Internet hosts and users per 10,000 inhabitants 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 AfricaAmerica w/o US & Canada US and CanadaAsiaEuropeOceaniaWORLD Internet Hosts/10,000 inhabitants Internet Users/10,000 inhabitants

19. Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages ICT access varies within countries Disparities is magnified by gender factor ICT access contributes to escape from poverty ICT access for all requires attention to –Infrastructure –Cost –Laws and regulations

20. Radio Stations and Receivers Digital Satellite Radio Crank Radio Crank/Solar Radio Suitcase Radio Station

21. Telecenters

22. Women-Friendly Telecenters Within accepted culture; fosters harmony Women do not have to travel far Center meets needs of men and women No childcare problem Space is roomy and provides privacy Staff is well integrated

23. Prerequisites Corequisites Potential Effectiveness

24. From Potential to Effectiveness 1.Educational Policy 2.Approach to ICTs 3.Infrastructure 4.ICT-Enhanced Content 5.Committed and Trained Personnel 6.Financial Resources 7.Integration 8.Piloting and Evaluation

25. Conclusion To Tech or not to Tech Education ICT Education More Effective and Responsive ICTs X

26. We do not think anymore of the spectacle of printing every time we read a book, the phenomenon of TV every time we watch a movie, or the miracle of the telephone every time we make a call. The ultimate success of ICTs for learning will be attained when we stop marveling about the ICTs and apply our minds and emotions to the wonders of learning.

27. The End

28. Levels of ICTs Constructing or design of Project Evaluation Analysis Application Exploration Storage or display Passive ACTIVE LEARNERS ROLE Levels of ICTs for Different Learning Objectives and Roles of Learners LEARNING OBJECTIVE

29. Levels of ICTs for Different Teaching Uses and Roles of Teachers Levels of ICTs Management of Student Learning Collaboration/Co mmunication Research Animation/ Simulation Drill & Practice Demonstration Presentation Provider Facilitator TEACHERS ROLE TEACHING OBJECTIVE Go Back

30. Infrastructure Namibia Schoolnet Pedal Power Generator Solar Energy Wind Power Generator Go Back

31. 5. Costing and Budgeting Total Cost of Ownership Acquisition - hardware and software Installation and configuration Connectivity Maintenance : 15-20% of initial investment Supplies: 8-10% Utilities: 4-8% Computer training 5-10% Retrofitting of physical facilities replacement costs (5-7 years) Additional Costs Acquisition and creation of content materials Orientation and training of staff Testing, evaluation and adjustment 31-48% Go Back