Energy and Transformation of Energy

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Presentation transcript:

Energy and Transformation of Energy

Energy Definition The ability to do work. How do we use energy? Energy comes from heat, chemicals, electricity, fossil fuel, and the food you eat.

I. Types of Energy A. Chemical Definition: is energy contained inside substances. Released during chemical reactions Examples of chemical energy are: gasoline, coal, and oil By breaking chemical bonds energy is released for use.

Types of Energy B. Solar Energy Definition: Energy that comes from the Sun. Examples: visible light, ultraviolet light, and heat energy.

Types of Energy Electrical Energy Definition: energy from the movement of electrically charged particles. Power plants produced electrical energy from other energy sources such as coal (chemical), oil (chemical), wind (mechanical), and nuclear power (nuclear).

Types of Energy Mechanical Energy Definition: is the energy an object has because of motion. Kinetic Energy : energy of motion Potential Energy: energy of rest/position

Types of Energy E. Thermal Energy Definition: Energy resulting from the motion of particles. Thermal energy is a form of kinetic energy and is transferred as heat.

Transformation of Energy LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY Definition: This states that energy can change from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed. Important: When energy is used, it does not disappear……it simply changes to another form.

Heat Energy Transfer This type of energy can be transferred from one object to another when there is a temperature difference between them. Movement of this energy moves from hot to cold. The reason a hot chocolate mug feels warm to your hand is because the heat is moving from the hot mug to your colder hand. Some of the heat also moves to the air (hot to cold).

Energy Transformation Explain how energy transformation occurs when you turn on a flashlight? Chemical Energy (batteries). When you turn on the switch Chemical Energy transforms into Electrical Energy. Electrical Energy is then transformed to Light Energy. Light Energy is transformed into Heat Energy (thermal)

Waves Definition: is a disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another. Examples: (Mechanical Waves) earthquake waves, sound waves, water waves. Electromagnetic waves (x-rays, light, and radio waves)

Mechanical Waves Some kinds of waves travel through matter. The energy is transferred by waves and is carried from its source by vibrations. The waves travel through material or a medium. Medium can be a gas, liquid or solid. Waves that require a medium are called mechanical waves.

Electromagnetic Waves Not all waves need a medium to transfer energy. Visible light, infrared light, microwaves, radio waves, ultraviolet light, x-rays, and gamma rays can travel through empty space. These are called Electromagnetic waves. Def: is a disturbance caused by an electric field and a magnetic field changing and moving together.