Universidad Simón Bolivar English for architecture and urban planning II Teacher Leticia Estevez Arianna Chacón Oriana Sanchez Caracas, May 2014

“A long, sturdy piece of timber, metal or concrete set upright in the ground and used as a support or marker” “A horizontal support of timber, stone, concrete, or steel across the top of a door or window” “A structure that defines an area, carries a load, or provides shelter or security”

Non-bearing walls: doesn’t support any load. Decoration only. Load-bearing walls: part of the structure, supports load. Another types of walls some types of walls are: Curtain walls: facade of a building. Non- bearing wall, only decoration. Partition wall: separates rooms. Non- bearing-wall. Mullion walls: structural system in which the load of the floor slab is taken by prefabricated panels around the perimeter.

- Simplicity. - Prefabricated walls. -Stability. -When we use good columns and beams, we can have free walls - Limited weight. -Distance between posts. -The load-bearing wall of masonry is thickened in proportion to the forces it has to resist -Doors and windows weaken the resistance of the wall

Post and lintel construction can incorporate wood, metal and stone. The walls are constructed with wood, steel, glass, brick, stone and concrete.

From prehistoric times to the Roman Empire, the post-and- lintel system was the root of architectural design. Used is Egyptian and Greek temples. The development of the arch challenged the system. One of the earliest and most renowned post and lintel example is the prehistoric Stonehenge monument in England.

Pergolas are an example of modern post and lintel construction

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What is a lintel? What is a post? Name one advantage of the wall - post and lintel system Name one desadvantage of the wall - post and lintel system Wich is the new component that is been used with the post an lintel system? Stone is better as a post or as a lintel?