Civil War and Reconstruction Vocabulary 1. Bull Run/First Manassas - The first battle of the Civil War – a victory for the South – that made people realize the War was serious. 2. Antietam – The first Union Victory in the Civil War – it allowed Lincoln to sign the Emancipation Proclamation. 3. Emancipation Proclamation – A War Powers Act written by Lincoln that freed the slaves in the Confederate states.

2. Antietam – The first Union Victory in the Civil War – it allowed Lincoln to sign the Emancipation Proclamation. 3. Emancipation Proclamation – A War Powers Act written by Lincoln that freed the slaves in the Confederate states. 4. Vicksburg – A Union victory led by General Grant that captured the Mississippi River and began the March-to- the-Sea.

3. Emancipation Proclamation – A War Powers Act written by Lincoln that freed the slaves in the Confederate states. 4. Vicksburg – A Union victory led by General Grant that captured the Mississippi River and began the March-to- the-Sea. 5. Gettysburg – A Union victory where 50,000 men died in three days – it began the end of Confederate victories.

4. Vicksburg – A Union victory led by General Grant that captured the Mississippi River and began the March-to- the-Sea. 5. Gettysburg – A Union victory where 50,000 men died in three days – it began the end of Confederate victories. 6. Gettysburg Address – Lincoln’s most famous speech that inspired people to support winning the Civil War.

5. Gettysburg – A Union victory where 50,000 men died in three days – it began the end of Confederate victories. 6. Gettysburg Address – Lincoln’s most famous speech that inspired people to support winning the Civil War. 7. Minnie Ball – A special kind of rifling bullet that tore apart bodies as it impacted them.

6. Gettysburg Address – Lincoln’s most famous speech that inspired people to support winning the Civil War. 7. Ironclads – Steel plated gunboats that sat very low in the water – the earliest successful submarines. 8. Minnie Ball – A special kind of rifling bullet that tore apart bodies when it impacted them.

7. Ironclads – Steel plated gunboats that sat very low in the water – the earliest successful submarines. 8. Minnie Ball – A special kind of rifling bullet that tore apart bodies when it impacted them. 9. Freedman’s Bureau – An agency set up by Lincoln to educate, feed, clothe, and house former slaves so that they could get a good start at freedom.

8. Minnie Ball – A special kind of rifling bullet that tore apart bodies when it impacted them. 9. Freedman’s Bureau – An agency set up by Lincoln to educate, feed, clothe, and house former slaves so that they could get a good start at freedom. 10. Black Codes – Laws in the south that discriminated against African Americans in an effort to keep them enslaved.

9. Freedman’s Bureau – An agency set up by Lincoln to educate, feed, clothe, and house former slaves so that they could get a good start at freedom. 10. Black Codes – Laws in the south that discriminated against African Americans in an effort to keep them enslaved. 11. Thirteenth Amendment – Ended slavery in the United States.

10. Black Codes – Laws in the south that discriminated against African Americans in an effort to keep them enslaved. 11. Thirteenth Amendment – Ended slavery in the United States. 12. Fourteenth Amendment – Allowed African American men the right to vote and to run for public offices.

11. Thirteenth Amendment – Ended slavery in the United States. 12. Fourteenth Amendment – Allowed African American men the right to vote and to run for public offices. 13. Sharecropping – A system of renting a farm and paying in crops – it kept African Americans forever in debt.

12. Fourteenth Amendment – Allowed African American men the right to vote and to run for public offices. 13. Sharecropping – A system of renting a farm and paying in crops – it kept African Americans forever in debt. 14. Jim Crow Laws – Laws that legalized segregation in the south and limited access to resources for African Americans.

13. Sharecropping – A system of renting a farm and paying in crops – it kept African Americans forever in debt. 14. Jim Crow Laws – Laws that legalized segregation in the south and limited access to resources for African Americans. 15. Segregation – Legal separation of public and private resources for people based on their race.