Roots Stems Leaves Flowers Fruits Seeds Plant Organs Roots Stems Leaves Flowers Fruits Seeds

Flower Sepals…Calyx Petals…Corolla Stamens…Androecium anther & filament Pistils…Gynecium stigma, style, ovary (egg)

Flower

Magnoliaceae Primitive flower - blending of flower parts; spirally arranged fossils, embryology, modern plants Degeneria Carpel - primitive pistil

Carpel Formation

Placentation Parietal Axial Free Central

Number of carpels 1. Lines on the outside of the pistil 2. One stigma lobe per carpel 3. Number of locules (if not free central

Flower Symmetry:

Inflorescence Types arrangement of flowers on the flowering stem Solitary - one flower per peduncle Terminal: Axillary:

Inflorescence Types arrangement of flowers on the flowering stem Many Flowered - More than one flower per inflorescence spike: Raceme:

Inflorescence Types arrangement of flowers on the flowering stem Many Flowered - More than one flower per inflorescence Panicle: Much branched Corymb: Outer flowers oldest

Inflorescence Types arrangement of flowers on the flowering stem Many Flowered - More than one flower per inflorescence Cyme: Middle flowers oldest Umbel: All come of Peduncle apex

Inflorescence Types arrangement of flowers on the flowering stem Many Flowered - More than one flower per inflorescence Head: Dense, rounded with many sessile flowers

Inflorescence Types Determinate: Indeterminate: Oldest flowers toward the top Indeterminate: Oldest flowers toward the bottom

Inflorescence Types

Ovary Position

Ovary Position

Stem - Branch Bud - embryonic branch

Leaves

Leaves - Margins

Hairs - Glands

Leaf Position:

Underground Roots/Stems

Woody vs Herbaceous Woody - Shrubs (fruticose) Trees arboreous - well developed trunk arborescent - > 20 feet but main trunk short Vines- climbing with tendrils

Woody Perennials Apical Dominance Age of Branch Age of Tree

Fruit (Pericarp) ripened ovary Exocarp, Mesocarp, Endocarp

Fruit Types Fleshy: Hip - cluster on achenes in a hypanthium Pome - from a compound, inferior ovary with a thick & fleshy receptacle

Fruit Types Fleshy

Fruit Types Dry Indehiscent: Achene - 1-seeded, connected to the pericarp at a single point Samar (Shizocarp)- 1-seeded winged achene

Fruit Types Dry Indehiscent: Acorn - 1-seeded, with a hard coat & surrounded by a cap of hard bracts Nut - 1-seeded, hard coat

Fruit Types Dry Indehiscent

Fruit Types Dry Dehiscent: Capsule - multiple carpeled, opening in various ways Follicle - 1-carpelated fruit splitting down 1 side

Fruit Types Dry Dehiscent: Legume - 1-celled, 1-carpelated, splitting on 2 sides Sillicle (sillique)- short, 2-locular fruit with each half separating from one another with a thin septum

Fruit Types Dry Dehiscent

Fruit Types Simple - from one ovary Compound Aggregate from many pistils Accessory fleshy receptacle Multiple from many flowers

Life Cycle Durations Annual - one year of less Biennial - 2 years Perennial - more than 2 years

Plant Structure Coalescence Connate - Same kinds of structures coalesce Adnate - Different kinds of structures coalesce

Plant Structure Coalescence Synpetalous - Corolla tube Synsepalous - Calyx tube Apetalous ?

Plant Structure Coalescence Filaments: Monodelphus - all stamens coalesce Diadelphus - 2 stamens coalesce Polydelphus - many stamen coalesce