World War II Begins 1) Define Fascism and analyze why people supported dictators that preached Fascism 2) Identify 3 pre-war examples of Fascist aggression.

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Presentation transcript:

World War II Begins 1) Define Fascism and analyze why people supported dictators that preached Fascism 2) Identify 3 pre-war examples of Fascist aggression. 3) Identify the event that marked the beginning of WWII? And explain why Europe did nothing to stop Hitler before? 4) Explain the United States reaction when WWII began?

World War II (1 st Global War ) fighting on 4 continents, 4 oceans 100 million fought (40-50 mil. Died, many civilians) How did it Start – Treaty of Versailles- Germany destroyed, embarrassed, forced to take full blame for WWI Reparations- Ger. Forced to pay France for WWI European Depression- Germany becomes the poorest country in Europe – How would an environment like this lead to a country supporting a leader like Hitler? Think of the emotions Germans share?

Rise of Fascism- duty to the state is more important than individual freedom, strong leader, limit on freedoms Why would people be willing to give up rights in exchange for strong leadership? Three Axis/Fascist Nations – Italy/ Benito Mussolini- promises Italy a new Roman Empire – Germany/ Adolf Hitler Jan 1933 Hitler is ELECTED leader of Germany with 35% of vote Mein Kampf (My Struggle) outlines Hitler’s beliefs – Aryan Supremacy- German’s are the supreme race – Jews- racially inferior » How did these ideas allow Germans to feel that they had the right to invade and kill other people? » Why is Hitler bad and US good? -Japan/Hideki Tojo- felt only way to gain world respect was by force (ex. US banned all Jap. Imm. in 1924) Japan wants to be dominant power in Asia

Munich Conference/Appeasement Start of the War- Ger wants land, Hitler wants power Sudetenland- Ger. Speaking area of Czech. (Hitler threatens to invade) – Munich Conference (Sept. 1938)- Eng. and Fr. Meet with Hitler to avoid war – Appeasement- Eng. and Fr. give Hitler Sudetenland, in return Hitler promises not to invade any more countries Why do you feel England and France gave in to Hitler’s demands? Hitler not seen as bad guy yet (Stalin/Communism is seen as a scarier threat) Hitler so far has only taking land that was once part of Germany before Treaty of Versailles Eng and Fr. Not ready for war (depression), Hitler has been building a war machine *March 1939 Hitler takes over the rest of Czech. (Hitler lied! Appeasement is a major mistake, world is not stopping Hitler)

Invasion of Poland (Sept 1,1939)- Germany invaded Poland, marks the beginning of WWII Poland- Hitler wants the “Polish Corridor” back (land Ger. lost in WWI) Blitzkrieg (lightning war) swift attacks using planes, followed with tanks and troops (Takes Germany 3 weeks to conquer Poland) – *used in modern warfare, Ger. First country to use blitzkrieg – Nazi-Soviet Pact- Hitler and Stalin (Russia) agree not to fight each other (and secretly split Poland after Ger. invades Poland) Is Stalin/Soviet Union an ally of Germany or US/England during WWII? What do you feel is Stalin’s motivation to side w Hitler? – *Eng. and Fr. Declare war against Germany

Battle Of Britain ( )- by June 1940 Germany controls all of western Europe (France, Neth., Belgium, Norway, etc.) except England Britain is only country left fighting against Ger. Why are the Soviet’s/Russians not fighting Hitler? Winston Churchill (Prime Minister) vows never to surrender to Hitler – Battle of Britain is an air war over England (Germany bombs England at night) Why does Hitler not try and invade England w. troops and tanks? Lend Lease Act- Allows US to provide Eng. with $ to buy and borrow US supplies (weapons, boats, planes, etc.) American support allows England hold out until Russia and the US enter the war Evaluate if the US should have helped England? Is the US at war with Germany? What do you feel Hitler thinks of US aid to England? – *May 1941 Hitler realizes he can not take Eng. and turns attention on Russia

Holocaust- Hitler wanted to purify Europe by killing all sub-human races (Jews, Poles, Russians, Slavs, Gypsies, disabled, and homosexuals) Concentration Camps- slave camps to work “sub humans” to death (Problem- For Hitler, these Jews were not dying fast enough) Death Camps- designed to execute “sub-humans” in large numbers – Auschwitz- largest death camp (2 mil Jews killed there) – #’s dead- 6 mil. Jews killed (4 mil. left alive in Europe after war) Why do you feel Jews and other groups were targeted by Hitler?