Chapter 8.4: Functions of Blood Transportation medium carrying various substances Protection against injuries and foreign bodies Background for the following slides are taken from

Composition of Blood Fractionation of Blood Right Image taken from:

State the two purposes and the process of blood clotting. Explain the role of white blood cells in phagocytosis and antibody formation. Learning outcomes Background for the following slides are taken from

Painful memories Locate a visible scar on your body. How did you get that scar? Left student Right student YOU

Healing process What did you experience? What are the two things that you will most likely grab from a first aid box? Background for the following slides are taken from

Each time you cut yourself, you will notice.... Flow of blood stops after while…. Blood solidifies Swelling and yellow pus…. Heal after weeks or days later Background for the following slides are taken from

Blood is exposed to air Platelets activated When blood vessels are damaged White blood cells destroys foreign particles Background for the following slides are taken from

Platelets Irregular shape No nuclei Two purposes of blood clot

Blood clotting process produce + Calcium ions Damaged blood vessel wall and platelets Thrombokinase (enzyme) Prothrombin (inactive) Thrombin (active) Insoluble fibrin form a mesh to trap blood cells Fibrinogen c cc

Health helpline Q: I often press my wound with piece of tissue paper, do you think it really help? v The pressure applied may stop the blood flow but do you think the tissue is really clean? Background for the following slides are taken from

What if some microbes get into the wound? White Blood Cell/ Leucocytes Phagocytes Lymphocytes

Phagocytes Lymphocytes Engulf & digest bacteria Produce antibody against bacteria Background for the following slides are taken from

Summary Fractionation of Blood Background for the following slides are taken from

Evaluation Time! Explain the two purposes of blood clot? Name the two enzymes that are involved blood clotting process. What are the 2 types of white blood cells and how do their nuclei look like? Name the two processes in which white blood cells help to remove microbes.

Background for the following slides are taken from Arteries Blood CHAPTER 8: TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN MAMMALS Lymphatic System consists of is divided into chambers VenulesCapillariesArterioles Ventricles pumps deoxygenated blood into the lungs Atria Components Red blood cells White blood cells Platelets Plasma join up to formbranch into Heart rightleft pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body receives deoxygenated blood from the rest of the body receives oxygenated blood from the lungs Blood Circulatory System Blood vessels Veins rightleft branch intojoin up to form Next Lesson: Read up circulatory system. Bring your textbook and workbook. Circulates from Heart to lungs and back (pulmonary circulation) Heart to the rest of the body and back (systemic circulation) Adapted from Copyright © Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Pte. Ltd.

References Background photo is taken from: accessed on 25th September Pictures from: lot.htm accessed on 20 October 2008.