1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system What do you know?

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Essential Standards: What is the process of bone formation? What are the structures of the long bones? What are the structures of the skeletal system? 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

Microscopic mature bone cells Bone formation Identify the osteocytes. Osteo = bone Cyte = cell Microscopic mature bone cells 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Bone formation Ossification – new minerals deposit to form bone Discuss the process of ossification? How do we know ossification occurs? Example 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Bone formation Ossification – Minerals replace previously formed cartilage. Infants bones are soft and pliable because of incomplete ossification. As bones ossify, they become hard. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Bone formation How do we know ossification occurs? Long bones grow in length and ossify from the center to the ends. Give examples of ossification. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Bone formation 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Bone formation 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

Discuss their possible function based on appearance. Types of Bones Discuss their possible function based on appearance. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Types of Bones Long bones Found in the arms and legs 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Types of Bones Flat bones Bones of the skull Ribs 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Types of Bones Irregular bones Spinal column 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Types of Bones Short bones Wrist 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

Structures of long bones Identify structures of the long bones. Compare spongy bone to compact bone. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

Structure of the long bones Compare structures of the long bones. Discuss the importance of having both types of bone tissue. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

5 Functions of Skeletal System Supports other body structures & provides shape Protects internal organs Allows movement & anchors for muscles Provides storage for minerals (such as calcium & phosphorus) Site for hemopoiesis (bone marrow formation)—red marrow is found in long bones, sternum & ilia (hip bones)

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Axial Skeleton The axial skeleton is blue. Axial skeleton: skull, spine, ribs, And sternum 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Axial Skeleton Skull frontal view 22 bones in skull 8 in the cranium 14 facial bones 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Axial Skeleton Skull lateral view Identify the structures of the lateral view of the skull. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Axial Skeleton Skull superior view 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Axial Skeleton Skull lateral view 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Axial Skelton Hyoid Bone What is unique about the hyoid bone? 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Axial Skeleton Vertebral Structure Spinal column Foramen: spinal nerves and cord are present in this opening 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Axial Skeleton Spinal column Atlas: C1 it is fused with occipital bone of the cranium (allows us to nod) Axis: C2 allows for rotation so we can turn our heads side to side Thoracic vertebrae connects with ribs Lumbar vertebrae are larger than the other vertebrae and allow for weight bearing Sacrum: 5 fused bones connects to hip bones Coccyx: tailbone; 4 fused bones 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Axial Skeleton Spinal column Identify the vertebrae in this x-ray. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

Appendicular Skeleton 126 bones in the appendicular skeleton The appendicular skeleton is beige. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

Appendicular Skeleton Shoulder girdle Identify the structures of the shoulder girdle and upper extremities. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

Appendicular Skeleton Shoulder girdle Identify the structures of the shoulder girdle and upper extremities. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

Appendicular Skeleton Pelvic girdle Identify the structures of the pelvic girdle and lower extremities. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

Appendicular Skeleton Pelvic girdle Identify the structures of the lower extremities. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

Appendicular Skeleton Pelvis Identify the structures of the pelvis. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

Appendicular Skeleton Pelvic girdle Identify the structures of the pelvic girdle and lower extremities. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

Appendicular Skeleton Pelvic girdle Compare the male and female pelvis. Name those bones & Thriller animation (retro) Copyright Pearson Education, Inc. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Joints: Diarthroses 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Joints Diarthroses = moveable joints Four types Ball and socket Hinge Pivot Gliding 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Joints Ball and socket One bone has a ball at one end The other has a concave socket Allows for the greatest range of motion Ex: shoulder 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Joints: Diarthroses Example of a ball and socket joint. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Joints Hinge joint Move in one direction 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Joints: Diarthroses Example of a hinge joint. Define uniaxial. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Joints Pivot joints Bones that rotate across each other 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Joints: Diarthroses Identify the pivot joints in this x-ray. Identify other pivot joints. 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Joints Gliding joint Bones with flat surfaces that slide across each other Vertebrae allows bending forward, backward, and sideways & allows for rotation 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Joints Example of gliding joint Give examples not pictured here 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Joints Amphiarthroses Partially movable joints with cartilage between their joined surfaces Examples: 1. Ribs to spine 2. Symphysis pubis 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Joints Synarthroses Immovable joints Connected by fibrous connective tissue Sutures in cranium 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

Bursa and Synovial Membrane Fluid-filled sac that contains the synovial membrane Lined by synovial membrane 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

Bursa and Synovial Membrane Capsule that encloses a joint Lines the bursa Contains synovial fluid 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system Essential Standards: What is the process of bone formation? What are the structures of the long bones? What are the structures of the skeletal system? 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system

1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system The End 1.02 Remember the structures of the skeletal system