Drill & Practice “The real voyage of discovery consists not in seeking new lands, but in seeing with new eyes” Marcel Proust

Drill and Practice Drill and Practice Much of what is taught by us requires practice to promote proficiency and fluency. Practice provides performing target skills feedback regarding performance remediate those skills that students do not perform well.

Drill and Practice Drill and Practice Drill takes the form of Worksheet. Very little attention can be paid to an individual students response at the moment of response. It is difficult to monitor process. Immediate feedback assures that practice have positive instructional value.

Computer-Based Drill and Practice DP provides  practice for defined skills.  immediate feedback to the students for each response given.  some form of correction and remediation for incorrect response.  maximum interaction between learner and instructions.

Features of Effective Computer- based DP Features of Effective Computer- based DP has clear directions for responding reinforces or strengthens the correct response. has nature of brief response and can be produced rapidly focuses on one or two-well-defined skills rather than on several skills simultaneously.

Features of Effective Computer- based DP Features of Effective Computer- based DP offers individual response feedback and other kinds of feedback that can be used to gauge performance. is well focused for such variables as; learner age, sophistication, preferences in dictating ways in which the computer features will be required. provides storing of the students’ data and progress

Advantages  ability to provide an intensive, controlled opportunity for students to refine skills.  ability to generate progress reports.

Disadvantages  do not in themselves teach, they only provide an opportunity to respond.  often appear much like tests of the learning.  don’t facilitate the transfer of those skills to meaningful problems.

Drill and Practice Drill and Practice Best rationale for using DP was automaticity. Why? To learn complex, higher order skills it is necessary for learner to first able to perform the lower level subskills automatically.

Drill and Practice Drill and Practice

How to use DP: Motto USE DP FOR GAINING AUTOMOTICITY.

Spreadsheets They are computerized, interactive and numerical record-keeping systems. Primary functions: storing, calculating, verifying, modeling and presenting information.

Spreadsheets How can we use spreadsheets as mind partner? They are an example of a cognitive technology that amplifies and reorganizes mental functioning. Playing “WHAT IF” games Spreadsheet construction and use engage a variety of mental processes that require learners to use existing rules, generate new rules describing relationships and organize information.

Spreadsheets They are powerful problem-solving tools. Building spreadsheets requires abstract reasoning by the learner. Spreadsheets are rule-using tools that require that users become rule-makers. Spreadsheets promote more open-ended investigations, problem-oriented activities, and active learning by students. They are interactive.

Spreadsheets Use forms of Spreadsheets as Mind partner 1. Mathematics comprehension tool 2. Computation, analysis and reasoning tool (for analyzing data) 3. Simulation modeling tools

Spreadsheets Mathematics comprehension tool They support numerical thinking and they provide a powerful manipulation for representing values and developing formulas to interrelate them which enhances learner’s understanding

Spreadsheets Computation,analysis and reasoning tool Sp support problem solving activities

Spreadsheets Simulation modeling tools Sp provides direct and effective means of understanding the role of various parameters and of testing different means of optimizing their values.

Coaching the Construction of Spreadsheets in the Classroom? 1. Provide a spreadsheet template or adapt an existing spreadsheets. 2. Students make a plan 3. Students create and complete a problem-oriented spreadsheet 4. Students extrapolate from spreadsheets 5. Students reflect on the activity

Lab Exercise Topic: Graphs of Parabola Create a Excel template to model the velocity of the vehicle with accelaration of 2 and inital speed 10 m/s. The model should calculate (i)Velocity of the vehicle at any time (ii)Plot the graph of the motion