TRAINING & DEVELOPING EMPLOYEES

Human Resource Management Activities necessary for staffing the organization and sustaining high employee performance.

STEPS TO EFFECTIVE TRAINING Assessment Development –Develop objectives –Select method and location –Conduct training Evaluate Training

STEP 1: NEEDS ASSESSMENT Purpose of Needs Analysis? – How would you do that?

Components of Needs Assessment Organizational Analysis –Determine if training is needed and where –Pressure points –Strategic Changes –Training culture Task Analysis Person Analysis

TASK ANALYSIS Develop initial list of tasks involved in reaching a performance objective Identify essential tasks –Frequency, Difficulty, Criticality –Emphasize those that affect org. performance Determine required knowledge, skills or abilities to perform those tasks How?

TASK ANALYSIS METHODS

PERSON ANALYSIS Purpose?

Is problem due to lack of ability? Is problem due to lack of motivation? Is problem due to performance obstacles? Due to inadequate aptitude? Due to lack of skills or knowledge? Due to poorly understood or unrealistic expectations? Due to rewards not being linked to job performance or nor being distributed fairly? Due to rewards not being valued? Due to person not believing task can be accomplished? Selection ProblemTraining ProblemExpectations ProblemIncentives Problem Instrumentality or Equity Problem Expectancy/Efficacy Problem Provide resources/ remove obstacles Performance Diagnosis Model

PERSON ANALYSIS Who needs training? Characteristics of trainees –Readiness (basic skills; prerequisites) –Motivation Solutions?

STEP 2: DEVELOPMENT Set Objectives Select methods and techniques

TRAINING OBJECTIVES Purpose? Effective Training Objectives: – – – –

TRAINING METHODS On-the-Job Off-the-Job

Training Methods Presentation (Lecture; Audiovisual) –Advantages? –Disadvantages? –Good for teaching? Hands-on (OTJ; Sim.; games; cases; role play) –Advantages? –Disadvantages? –Good for teaching? Team Building (Adventure & Active learning; Team Train) –Advantages? –Disadvantages?

CHOOSING A METHOD

STEPS TO EFFECTIVE TRAINING 1.Assess Needs 2.Development –Develop objectives –Select method and location –Conduct training 3.Evaluate Training –What criteria should be measured? –How should change be measured?

Kirkpatrick’s “Levels” of Evaluation

STEP 3: EVALUATION

Non-Experimental Designs After-Only (Case Study) Design Training Measure One-Group Pre-Post Design Pre-Test Training Measure

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS Two-Group Post-Test Only Design T: Training Measure C: Measure Two-Group Pre/Post-Test Design T: Pre-Test Training Measure C: Pre-Test Measure