© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.1 Technology In Action

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.2 Technology In Action Chapter 1 Why Computers Matter to You: Becoming Computer Fluent

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.3 Objectives Computer fluencyComputer fluency Computers and careersComputers and careers Computer functionsComputer functions Data vs. informationData vs. information Computer hardware and softwareComputer hardware and software Societal challenges and computersSocietal challenges and computers Future technologiesFuture technologies

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.4 What is Computer Fluency? To be computer fluent you must:To be computer fluent you must: –Understand a computer’s capabilities and limitations –Know how to use a computer

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.5 Make good purchase decisionsMake good purchase decisions Maintain your computerMaintain your computer Keep abreast of changes in technologyKeep abreast of changes in technology Understand the real risksUnderstand the real risks Use the Internet wiselyUse the Internet wisely Avoid online annoyancesAvoid online annoyances Avoid hackers and virusesAvoid hackers and viruses Protect your privacyProtect your privacy Being a Savvy Computer User and Consumer

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.6 Computers in your Career? Computer careers in:Computer careers in: –Business –The Arts –The Medical Field –Law Enforcement –Legal Fields –Education –The Sciences –Gaming –Homes

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.7 Computers in Business Point of Sale TerminalsPoint of Sale Terminals Tracking merchandiseTracking merchandise Data miningData mining

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.8 Computers in the Arts Virtual artVirtual art Virtual dance

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.9 Computers in the Medical Field Virtual reality in medical applicationsVirtual reality in medical applications Patient simulatorPatient simulatorDa Vinci Surgical System

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.10 Computers in Law Enforcement Computer forensicsComputer forensics

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.11 Computers in the Legal Fields Surveillance camerasSurveillance cameras Forensic animationForensic animation

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.12 Computers in Education Computers in the classroomComputers in the classroom Distance EducationDistance Education Computerized researchComputerized research The InternetThe Internet

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.13 Computers and the Sciences SupercomputersSupercomputers ArcheologyArcheology MeteorologyMeteorology

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.14 Computers in Sports TrainingTraining Timing and scorekeepingTiming and scorekeeping Data storage and statisticsData storage and statistics

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.15 Computer Gaming Careers ProgrammingProgramming 3D animation3D animation

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.16 Computers at Home RoboticsRobotics Smart appliancesSmart appliances Robomower Internet- connected refrigerator

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.17 Technology of Tomorrow NanoscienceNanoscience Biomedical Chip ImplantsBiomedical Chip Implants Artificial IntelligenceArtificial Intelligence

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.18 Nanoscience Molecules and nanostructuresMolecules and nanostructures NanomachinesNanomachines Four-α-helix protein scaffold 5.4n m Fluid flow inside Nanomachines

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.19 Biomedical Chip Implants Technological solutions to physical problemsTechnological solutions to physical problems Identity chipsIdentity chips Retinal Implants VeriChip

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.20 Artificial Intelligence RobotsRobots Neurons vs MicrochipsNeurons vs Microchips

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.21 Challenges Facing a Digital Society Privacy risksPrivacy risks Personal data collectionPersonal data collection Monitoring Monitoring Copyright infringementCopyright infringement Software piracySoftware piracy

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.22 Becoming Computer Fluent Data processingData processing Bits and bytesBits and bytes Computer hardwareComputer hardware Computer softwareComputer software Computer platformsComputer platforms Specialty computersSpecialty computers

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.23 Data vs. Information Data vs. Information:Data vs. Information: –Data is a representation of a fact or idea NumberNumber WordWord PicturePicture SoundSound –Information is data that has been organized or presented in a meaningful fashion.

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.24 Computers are Data Processing Devices Four major functions:Four major functions: –Input data –Process data –Output information –Store data and information DATA IN INFORMATION OUT

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.25 Bits and Bytes: The Language of Computers BitBit –Binary digit –0 or 1 ByteByte –Eight bits ASCIIASCII –Each byte represents a letter, number or special character OFF 0 ON 1 Microchip Switch = = A 0

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.26 How Much is a Byte? NAMEABBREVIATIONNUMBER OF BYTES RELATIVE SIZE ByteB 1 byteCan hold one character of data. KilobyteKB 1,024 bytesCan hold 1,024 characters or about half of a typewritten page double-spaced. MegabyteMB 1,048,576 bytesA floppy disk holds approximately 1.4 MB of data, or approximately 768 pages of typed text. GigabyteGB 1,073,741,824 bytesApproximately 786,432 pages of text. Since 500 sheets of paper is approximately 2 inches, this represents a stack of paper 262 feet high. TerabyteTB 1,099,511,627,776 bytesThis represents a stack of typewritten pages almost 51 miles high. PetabytePB 1,125,899,906,842,624 bytes The stack of pages is now 52,000 miles high, or about one-fourth the distance from the Earth to the moon.

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.27 Computer Hardware Input devicesInput devices System unitSystem unit Output devicesOutput devices Storage devicesStorage devices

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.28 The rain in Spain Input Devices Enter data to be processedEnter data to be processed –Keyboard –Scanners –Mouse –Trackball –Touch screen –Microphone –Game Controller –Digital camera ABCD

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.29 System Unit Cabinet that houses all componentsCabinet that houses all components MotherboardMotherboard CPUCPU Memory modulesMemory modules System Unit CPU Motherboard Memory Module

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.30 Output Devices Enable us to see or hear the processed informationEnable us to see or hear the processed information –Monitor –Speakers –Printers

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.31 Storage Devices Enable us to store data or information to be accessed againEnable us to store data or information to be accessed again Hard Disk DriveCD / DVD DriveFloppy Disk Flash Drive

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.32 Computer Software Software - programs that enable the hardware to perform different tasksSoftware - programs that enable the hardware to perform different tasks Application softwareApplication software –Tools for getting things done

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.33 Computer Software System softwareSystem software –Essential for platform operation and support

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.34 Computer Platforms: PCs and Macs PC CPU – Intel, AMDCPU – Intel, AMD Operating system – Microsoft WindowsOperating system – Microsoft Windows Mac CPU – Motorola Operating system – Apple Mac OS

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.35 Specialty Computers PDAPDA ServerServer MainframeMainframe SupercomputerSupercomputer MicrocontrollersMicrocontrollers Server Mainframe Supercomputer PDA

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.36 Chapter 1 Summary Questions What does it mean to be “computer fluent”?What does it mean to be “computer fluent”?

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.37 Chapter 1 Summary Questions What is a savvy computer user and consumer?What is a savvy computer user and consumer?

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.38 Chapter 1 Summary Questions How can becoming computer fluent help you in a career?How can becoming computer fluent help you in a career?

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.39 Chapter 1 Summary Questions What are some future technologies?What are some future technologies?

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.40 Chapter 1 Summary Questions What kinds of challenges do computers bring to society?What kinds of challenges do computers bring to society?

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.41 Chapter 1 Summary Questions What are a computer’s four main functions?What are a computer’s four main functions?

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.42 What is the difference between data and information?What is the difference between data and information? Chapter 1 Summary Questions

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.43 Chapter 1 Summary Questions What are a bit and a byte?What are a bit and a byte?

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.44 Chapter 1 Summary Questions What hardware does a computer use to perform its functions?What hardware does a computer use to perform its functions?

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.45 Chapter 1 Summary Questions What are the two main types of software?What are the two main types of software?

© 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc.46 Chapter 1 Summary Questions What different kinds of computers are there?What different kinds of computers are there?