1. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.1 Technology In Action

2. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.2 Technology In Action Chapter 1 Why Computers Matter to You: Becoming Computer Fluent

3. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.3 Chapter Topics Computer fluencyComputer fluency Computers and careersComputers and careers Computer functionsComputer functions Data vs. informationData vs. information Computer hardware and softwareComputer hardware and software Societal challenges and computersSocietal challenges and computers Future technologiesFuture technologies

4. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.4 What is Computer Fluency? To be computer fluent you must:To be computer fluent you must: –Understand a computer’s capabilities and limitations –Know how to use a computer

5. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.5 Make good purchase decisionsMake good purchase decisions Maintain your computerMaintain your computer Keep abreast of changes in technologyKeep abreast of changes in technology Understand the real risksUnderstand the real risks Use the Internet wiselyUse the Internet wisely Avoid online annoyancesAvoid online annoyances Avoid hackers and virusesAvoid hackers and viruses Protect your privacyProtect your privacy Being a Savvy Computer User and Consumer

6. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.6 Computers in your Career? Computer careers in:Computer careers in: –Business –The Arts –The Medical Field –Law Enforcement –Legal Fields –Education –The Sciences –Gaming –Homes

7. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.7 Computers in Business Point of Sale TerminalsPoint of Sale Terminals Tracking merchandiseTracking merchandise Data miningData mining

8. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.8 Computers in Farming and Ranching Assist in managing complex farming business and information systemsAssist in managing complex farming business and information systems RFID tags track and record animals in case of diseasesRFID tags track and record animals in case of diseases Computerized sensors and equipment activation protect cropsComputerized sensors and equipment activation protect crops

9. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.9 Computers in the Arts Virtual artVirtual art Virtual dance

10. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.10 Computers in the Medical Field Virtual reality in medical applicationsVirtual reality in medical applications Patient simulatorPatient simulatorDa Vinci Surgical System

11. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.11 Computers in Law Enforcement Computer forensicsComputer forensics

12. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.12 Computers in the Legal Fields Surveillance camerasSurveillance cameras Forensic animationForensic animation

13. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.13 Computers in Education Computers in the classroomComputers in the classroom Distance educationDistance education Computerized researchComputerized research The InternetThe Internet

14. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.14 Computers and the Sciences SupercomputersSupercomputers ArcheologyArcheology MeteorologyMeteorology

15. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.15 Computers in Sports TrainingTraining Timing and scorekeepingTiming and scorekeeping Data storage and statisticsData storage and statistics “Smartballs” sense when soccer goals are scored“Smartballs” sense when soccer goals are scored

16. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.16 Computer Gaming Careers ProgrammingProgramming 3D animation3D animation

17. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.17 Computers at Home RoboticsRobotics Smart appliancesSmart appliances Robomower Internet- connected refrigerator

18. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.18 Technology of Tomorrow NanoscienceNanoscience Biomedical chip implantsBiomedical chip implants Artificial IntelligenceArtificial Intelligence

19. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.19 Nanoscience Molecules and nanostructuresMolecules and nanostructures NanomachinesNanomachines Four-α-helix protein scaffold 5.4n m Fluid flow inside Nanomachines

20. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.20 Biomedical Chip Implants Technological solutions to physical problemsTechnological solutions to physical problems Identity chipsIdentity chips Retinal Implants VeriChip

21. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.21 Artificial Intelligence RobotsRobots Neurons vs. MicrochipsNeurons vs. Microchips

22. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.22 Challenges Facing a Digital Society Computer use ethicsComputer use ethics Privacy risksPrivacy risks Personal data collectionPersonal data collection Monitoring e-mailMonitoring e-mail Copyright infringementCopyright infringement Software piracySoftware piracy

23. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.23 Becoming Computer Fluent Data processingData processing Bits and bytesBits and bytes Computer hardwareComputer hardware Computer softwareComputer software Computer platformsComputer platforms Specialty computersSpecialty computers

24. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.24 Computers are Data Processing Devices Four major functions:Four major functions: –Input data –Process data –Output information –Store data and information DATA IN INFORMATION OUT

25. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.25 Bits and Bytes: The Language of Computers BitBit –Binary digit –0 or 1 ByteByte –Eight bits ASCIIASCII –Each byte represents a letter, number or special character OFF 0 ON 1 Microchip Switch 1000011 = 4 00000011 = A 0

26. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.26 How Much is a Byte? NAMEABBREVIATIONNUMBER OF BYTES RELATIVE SIZE ByteB 1 byteCan hold one character of data. KilobyteKB 1,024 bytesCan hold 1,024 characters or about half of a typewritten page double-spaced. MegabyteMB 1,048,576 bytesA floppy disk holds approximately 1.4 MB of data, or approximately 768 pages of typed text. GigabyteGB 1,073,741,824 bytesApproximately 786,432 pages of text. Since 500 sheets of paper is approximately 2 inches, this represents a stack of paper 262 feet high. TerabyteTB 1,099,511,627,776 bytesThis represents a stack of typewritten pages almost 51 miles high. PetabytePB 1,125,899,906,842,624 bytes The stack of pages is now 52,000 miles high, or about one-fourth the distance from the Earth to the moon.

27. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.27 Computer Hardware Input devicesInput devices System unitSystem unit Output devicesOutput devices Storage devicesStorage devices

28. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.28 The rain in Spain Input Devices Enter data to be processedEnter data to be processed –Keyboard –Scanners –Mouse –Trackball –Touch screen –Microphone –Game controller –Digital camera ABCD

29. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.29 System Unit Cabinet that houses all componentsCabinet that houses all components MotherboardMotherboard CPUCPU Memory modulesMemory modules System Unit CPU Motherboard Memory Module

30. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.30 Output Devices Enable us to see or hear the processed informationEnable us to see or hear the processed information –Monitor –Speakers –Printers

31. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.31 Storage Devices Enable us to store data or information to be accessed againEnable us to store data or information to be accessed again Hard Disk DriveCD / DVD DriveFloppy Disk Flash Drive

32. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.32 Computer Software Software - programs that enable the hardware to perform different tasksSoftware - programs that enable the hardware to perform different tasks Application softwareApplication software –Tools for getting things done

33. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.33 Computer Software System softwareSystem software –Essential for platform operation and support

34. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.34 Computer Platforms: PCs and Macs PC CPU – Intel, AMDCPU – Intel, AMD Operating system – Microsoft WindowsOperating system – Microsoft Windows Mac CPU – Motorola Operating system – Apple Mac OS

35. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.35 Specialty Computers PDAPDA ServerServer MainframeMainframe SupercomputerSupercomputer MicrocontrollersMicrocontrollers Server Mainframe Supercomputer PDA

36. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.36 Chapter 1 Summary Questions What does it mean to be “computer fluent”?What does it mean to be “computer fluent”?

37. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.37 Chapter 1 Summary Questions What is a savvy computer user and consumer?What is a savvy computer user and consumer?

38. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.38 Chapter 1 Summary Questions How can becoming computer fluent help you in a career?How can becoming computer fluent help you in a career?

39. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.39 Chapter 1 Summary Questions What are some future technologies?What are some future technologies?

40. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.40 Chapter 1 Summary Questions What kinds of challenges do computers bring to society?What kinds of challenges do computers bring to society?

41. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.41 Chapter 1 Summary Questions What are a computer’s four main functions?What are a computer’s four main functions?

42. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.42 What is the difference between data and information?What is the difference between data and information? Chapter 1 Summary Questions

43. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.43 Chapter 1 Summary Questions What are a bit and a byte?What are a bit and a byte?

44. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.44 Chapter 1 Summary Questions What hardware does a computer use to perform its functions?What hardware does a computer use to perform its functions?

45. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.45 Chapter 1 Summary Questions What are the two main types of software?What are the two main types of software?

46. © 2008 Prentice-Hall, Inc.46 Chapter 1 Summary Questions What different kinds of computers are there?What different kinds of computers are there?