RESEARCH ETHICS Why Do We Have Ethical Standards? What is an IRB? What are the Main Ethical Principles for Human Subjects? What are the Main Ethical Principles.

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Presentation transcript:

RESEARCH ETHICS Why Do We Have Ethical Standards? What is an IRB? What are the Main Ethical Principles for Human Subjects? What are the Main Ethical Principles for Human Subjects? What are the Main Ethical Principles for Non- Human Subjects? What are the Main Ethical Principles for Non- Human Subjects? What are the Main Ethical Principles for Treatment of Data? What are the Main Ethical Principles for Treatment of Data?

Why Do We Have Ethical Standards? Integrity of Research Legal and Professional Standards History of Ethical Issues

What is an IRB? Institutional Review Board Meets federal and institutional requirements Reviews research for ethical issues Human Subjects Review Committee Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee

What are the Main Ethical Concerns for Human Subjects? Risk Informed Consent Deception Debriefing

Risk Identify and minimize potential risks Minimal Risk Ratio of risk to benefits

Informed Consent People should not be forced or coerced to take part and must be told enough about the research procedures to make an informed decision (including any risks) Includes freedom to withdraw

When is Consent Not Needed? Must meet all of these criteria: – No more than minimal risk. – Not having informed consent would not adversely affect rights and welfare of the subjects. – Appropriate debriefing when appropriate. – Cannot otherwise do the research.

Deception Last resort – necessary for research Research must be important enough to justify the deception Must explain deception in debriefing

Debriefing Provide further information Explain any deception Provide opportunity for feedback, questions

What are the Main Ethical Issues for Non-Human Subjects? Proper acquisition of animals Properly trained personnel Adequate care and housing Minimize harm, pain Use humane procedures

What are the Main Ethical Principles for Treatment of Data? Accurate reporting: – No fabrication – No cooking and trimming No plagiarism or duplicate publication Storage and sharing of data Authorship credit