TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability TRIAD II. Workshop Transportation and sustainability - Making transportation policies and developments smarter Adorján Horváth AdLunam Ltd.

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Transport research in support to EU policies on sustainable development Environment Lisbon agenda Research Transport policies Main policy drivers - environmental impacts of transport The 7th Framework Programme: main instrument to implement EU Research Policy

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability The five challenge clusters of transport research Sustainability Social change Globalization Information technology Institutional considerations

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Why sustainability? The framework of development The 3 P’s of sustainability Planet (natural life-support, environmental context) People (human well-being, social context) Profit (economic growth, economic context) What is sustainable?

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Why transport research? Strengths EU air transport 2,1% of GDP, 3 million jobs EU surface transport 11% of GDP, 15 million jobs Challenges 30% of total energy consumption 98% dependence on oil environmental impacts: CO 2 emission air, water, soil pollution public health, biodiversity Mobility, accessibility -> development Maintaining competitiveness

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Climate change is here! (forever) Climate is changing all the time, but there is a connection between human CO 2 emission and global warming

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability What the hell is climate change? Maybe this?

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability What the hell is climate change? (2) Or rather this?

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability What the hell is climate change? (3) Or even worse?

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Placing transport research into global environmental context Sustainability requires addressing environmental issues

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Environmental facts about transport in the EU 25% of all CO 2 emissions Pollution costs 1,7% EU GDP 71% of all EU oil consumption required Pollution social cost 360 €/year/capita

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Climate change research versus transport research Climate change research global objectives Understanding climate change Providing solutions Reducing the climatic impact Transport research global objectives Develop safer smarter greener transport systems

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Major goals of transport research activities Greening Mobility Safety Competitiveness Innovation Green goals Environmental management of construction, production, operation and recycling Addressing climate change, environmental protection and public health&safety through technological improvements for: reduction of energy use reduction of pollution

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Transport research in environmental context The challenge: Energy need forecasts for transportation

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Transport research in environmental context (2) What to do?

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Transport research in environmental context (3) What to do? Incorporate current scientific knowledge into the planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance of transportation systems Most climate change data historically have focused on a global scale, but for transportation planning, smaller-scale analyses are necessary Transportation planners and climate scientists need to work together more closely to develop regional scenarios for likely climate-related changes and to compile the data needed to analyze their impacts

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Transport research in environmental context (4) What to do? Compiling decision frameworks for transportation research Technical issues: Improving vehicle efficiency Reducing vehicle use Decarbonizing fuels (LCFS) Policy issues: Compiling climate change action plans Incorporating social sciences Regulating and fostering the technical issues

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability A sample ‘Climate change action plan’ Three major focus areas: 1. Reducing GHG emissions from the transportation activities 2. Protecting the transportation infra- structure from the effects of climate change 3. Reducing the operational impacts on climate change

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability 1. Focus area Reducing transportation activities’ GHG emissions A three-pronged approach: 1. Promoting the development, availability, and use of cleaner burning bio-fuels 2. Increasing vehicle efficiency 3. Increasing the efficiency of the transportation system

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Reducing transportation activities’ GHG emissions (1) 1. Promoting the development, availability and use of cleaner burning bio-fuels Bio-fuel strategies Low Carbon Fuel Standard 2. Increasing vehicle efficiency Low emission vehicle program Alternative vehicle technologies Vehicle purchase incentives Customer education Regulation of unnecessary vehicle idling

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Reducing transportation activities’ GHG emissions (2) 3. Increasing the efficiency of the transportation system Inter-modal connections and coordination Enhance the level of public transportation Park and ride facilities Setting up rideshare databases/programmes Increase to number of trips made by biking and walking Increase the use of passenger rail Increase rail freight Finding commuting alternatives Growing local economies and encouraging land use planning and community design such as “transit-oriented development” aimed at compact development patterns and a mix of uses in order to encourage shorter trips and the viability of alternative modes

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability 2. Focus area Protecting the transportation infra- structure from the effects of climate change Climate and weather background, indicators of climate change Potential threats to the transportation infrastructure from climate change Climate change adaptation strategies: Bridging the gap between climate science and adaptation action Climate change and transportation decision-making

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability 3. Focus area Reducing the operational impacts on climate change Monitoring energy use and undertaking activities and improvements to reduce energy use at facilities and in all operations Work to inform staff on their roles and responsibilities in reducing energy in the workplace Continue biofuels use in the agency fleet and participate in the legislatively mandated biofuels study Increase participation in rideshare programmes Reduce/eliminate paper use through electronic processes Investigate telecommuting and reduced work week options

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Sustainable transportation indicators Sustainability reflects a concern for indirect and long-term impacts Important tool for better transportation planning No standard set existing Desirable to develop standardized, “baseline” indicator sets: some indicators suitable for all situations, and others for specific needs and conditions

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Sustainable transportation indicators (2)

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Transportation social science Transportation social science Integrating social, economic, and behavioral sciences into the transportation field Problem-solving research Attitudes and behaviour Human factors Information processing Social impact assessment Visual quality and the roadside Roadside impressions Visual quality and route choice Roadside complexity

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Social changes and sustainable transport Activity-based approach: individual travel behaviours studied in a multidisciplinary framework Differences in geography, culture and institutions - arrangements for sustainable transport –Differences in travel needs and preferences -lifestyles –Cultural aspects of transport - car dependency, development of infrastructure –Equity and accessibility - environmental quality

TRIAD II. WorkshopTransportation and sustainability Thank you for your attention!