Unit 1- Recognizing Computers

 Understand the importance of computers  Define computers & computer systems  Classify different types of computers  Identify system components  Describe the role of the CPU  Define computer memory  Describe how data is represented  Identify types of storage devices  Care for storage media

 A computer is a person, instrument, or machine that gathers, processes, and stores information.

 Charles Babbage ◦ Designed a steam- powered calculator called the Difference Engine in ◦ His next idea was the Analytical Engine (1856), designed to perform any kind of mathematical calculation.

 In 1943, the British built the first “Colossus” computer.  Used to decipher encrypted teleprinter messages sent by the Germans during World War II.

 The first computer that most individuals could afford was the Altair 8800, built in 1975 by MITS.  No keyboard or screen ◦ Information was entered by clicking switches

 Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak created the first user-friendly personal computer, called the Apple, with a built-in keyboard, display screen, and storage unit. ◦ The term personal computer refers to a computer designed to be used by one person at a time.

 In 1981, IBM introduced its version of the personal computer—the IBM PC.  IBM made the general design available to competing companies, resulting in many clones or “compatibles.”  Today, the term PC often refers to computers running Microsoft’s Windows operating system.

 Hardware  Software  Data  Output of information  Receives data, processes data, outputs information, stores data

 The use of the binary number system with two values: 0 and 1.  1= ON (electricity)  0= OFF (no electricity) What Counting to Ten Looks Like Decimal: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 Binary: 0, 1, 10, 11, 100, 101, 110, 111, 1000, 1001, 1010

 Desktop  Laptop  Netbook  Tablets  Workstation  Servers  Handheld/Smartphone  Terminal  Mainframe  Super Computer

 Personal computer- PC or MAC  AKA Microcomputer  Individual user

 AKA Notebook  PC or Mac  Portability  Touchpad

 NOT laptop replacement  Made for travel  Basic ◦ Check ◦ Web ◦ Office ◦ No Multitasking

 Lightweight & smaller  Less powerful than laptop  Small Screen  Longer battery  No CD/DVD  Low in RAM (1GB)  Windows XP/7 Basic

 Form of notebook  Swivel Screen  Handwriting Stylus

 PC in smaller size  Many functions of PC ◦ Has memory, storage, CPU ◦ Apps, Internet, ◦ Android, WebOS, iOS

 Multiple CPUs, lots of RAM, multiple, high- capacity drives  Video Editing, CAD, Animation, Scientific, CSI, X-Ray

 Performs functions for computers on a network (provides a service) ◦ Hold Files ◦ Handle ◦ Web Site

 PDA / Smartphone ◦ Personal Digital Assistant ◦ AKA Pocket PC ◦ Windows, iOS, WebOS, Android, Palm OS ◦ Touch Screen ◦ Can do , web, Office, etc.

 Data entering  Keyboard & Monitor  “Dumb” Terminal  Only performs functions when connected to larger system

 Connected to terminals  Bulk data processing  Banks, statistics  Hundreds of thousands $  Large institutions & govt.  Airlines

 Large & fast  Perform BIG calc’s  Volumes of data  Millions of $$$  Government  Military  Research Labs  NASA

 Name some…

 Managing an airline reservation & ticketing system would be best performed by which class of computer? ◦ Mainframe  Which computer only performs when connected to a larger computer? ◦ Terminal  What’s another name for a desktop? ◦ Microcomputer  Who is known as the father of computing? ◦ Babbage

 What’s the biggest advantage of using a notebook? ◦ Portability  T/F. A server is dedicated to sharing resources & data. ◦ True  Which type of computer provides services to other PCs? ◦ Servers  What device would have Palm/WebOS on it? ◦ Handheld, PAD, Smartphone

Unit 1- Recognizing Computers