Larry Frolich, Body Systems Body Systems Overview II The Inner Tube: Blood ‘n Guts (Bio 34: Anatomy and Physiology II)

Larry Frolich, Body Systems Circulatory System Function: Circulate blood throughout body; Deliver and take away nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, immune cells, hormones Structures: Heart, Blood Vessels Tissues: Muscle, Connective Tissues, Endothelial lining, Blood How’s it work? Heart pumps blood which carries cells, diffused substances Bio 34: Anatomy/Physiology II

Larry Frolich, Body Systems Lymphatic/Immune System Function: Provide immunity and immune cell movement; Take up interstitial fluid; subsidiary of circulatory system Structures: Lymphatic Vessels; Blood cell forming organs Tissues: Blood, Connective Tissues, Endothelial lining How’s it work? Open-ended lymph capillaries give access to interstitial spaces; Movement of blood vessels moves lymph through tubes Bio 34: Anatomy/Physiology II

Larry Frolich, Body Systems Respiratory System Function: Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between air and blood Structures: Lungs, Respiratory tree (bronchial tubes, pharynx, larynx, nasal region, alveoli), Diaphragm Tissues: Connective Tissues, Epithelial lining of respiratory tract, muscle How’s it work? Diaphragm inflates lungs, air moves in and oxygen/carbon dioxide diffuse into blood at capillaries in alveoli; tightly allied with circulatory system Bio 34: Anatomy/Physiology II

Larry Frolich, Body Systems Digestive System Function: Digest Food and absorption of breakdown products into blood Structures: Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Intestines, Liver, Pancreas, Rectum, Anus Tissues: Muscle, Connective, Epithelial lining, Glandular How’s it work? Food taken in, processed mechanically and chemically, breakdown products absorbed across wall into bloodstream; indigestible roughage accumulated and defecated from body Bio 34: Anatomy/Physiology II

Larry Frolich, Body Systems Urinary System Function: Concentrate and secrete nitrogenous waste from body Structures: Kidneys, Ureter, Bladder, Urethra Tissues: Kidney tissue, smooth muscle, transitional epithelium How’s it work? Kidneys concentrate nitrogenous waste from blood forming urine which is collected through ureter into bladder and excreted via urethra Bio 34: Anatomy/Physiology II

Larry Frolich, Body Systems Reproductive System—Female Function: Produce subsequent generation (provide egg for female genetic contribution to embryo, pregnancy, lactation) Structures: Ovaries, Uterus, Fallopian tube; Vagina, Mammary glands Tissues: Muscle, Connective, Epithelial lining, Glandular How’s it work? Eggs produced in ovary, fertilized by sperm following ovulation, copulation, embryo gestated in uterus, birth through vagina, lactation from mammary glands Bio 34: Anatomy/Physiology II

Larry Frolich, Body Systems Reproductive System--male Bio 34: Anatomy/Physiology II Function: Produce subsequent generation (provide sperm for male genetic contribution to embryo) Structures: Testes, vas deferens, penis, prostrate and other glands, urethra Tissues: Muscle, Connective, Spongy, Epithelial lining, Glandular How’s it work? Sperm produced by testes, carried to urethra through vas deferens, semen produced by prostrate, joins sperm and ejaculated from body through penis