151 ENG 312: Final Exam Language Awareness by Eschholz, Rosa and Clark 10th Edition (2009), pages by Don L. F. Nilsen

152 CONTRASTS argument vs. narration vs. description vs. exposition bilingual vs. English only comparison vs. contrast connotation vs. denotation deduction vs. induction euphemism vs. dysphemism objective vs. subjective status vs. connection (power/solidarity) topic vs. thesis sentence

153 DEFINITIONS: ASAP argot bureaucratese shouting emoticons (smileys) epiphany flaming

154 MORE DEFINITIONS gossip hate speech irony jargon non-sequitur Orwell Award

155 STILL MORE DEFINITIONS paradox post hoc ergo propter hoc psychobabble rhetorical question Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis slang spamming xenophobia

156 ETYMOLOGIES brand new deadline faux pas fly off the handle nepotism pot boiler slogan snapshot toe the line weasel word

157 EXAMPLES allusion analogy cliché colloquial expression idiom label of primary potency metaphor personification

158 GIVE AN IMPORTANT LINGUISTIC INSIGHT OF EACH OF THE FOLLOWING: Patrick Buchanan Thomas Jefferson Martin Luther King Barbara Kingsolver George Orwell Sojourner Truth

159 LISTINGS (5 POINTS EACH) 5 advertising "errors" 5 reappropriated slogans 5 examples of weasel words

1510 HUGH RANK’S MODEL INTENSIFY: –REPETITION –ASSOCIATION –COMPOSITION DOWNPLAY: –OMISSION –DIVERSION –CONFUSION –(Eschholz )

1511 BILL LUTZ’S MODEL Weazel Words –“Helps” –Virtually Spotless –New and Improved –Acts Fast –Works Like, Works Against, Works Longer –Like Magic –Up To –Twice as Long (Eschholz )

1512 !SHORT-ANSWER ESSAY (5 pts each) Contrast print information with Web- Site information Explain how to advertise dangerous product Explain the marketing of diet, health

1513 !!LONG-ANSWER ESSAY (15 pts each) Explain in detail the nature of taboo in English, explain how taboos (e.g. political correctness) change, and explain the advantages and disadvantages of using strong language (ethnic slurs, invective, obscenity, sarcasm, swearing, etc. Explain the nature selective perception and of slanting

1514 !!!PowerPoints to Review Business Language Ethnicity Gender Issues Lemony Snicket Names & Nyms Obscenity Prose Styles Regional & Social Dialects Rhetorical Devices vs. Errors Usage V.A.R.I.E.S.

15 Reference: Eschholz, Paul, Alfred Rosa, and Virginia Clark. Language Awareness: Readings for College Writers 10 th Edition. New York, NY: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2009.