Forebrain TelencephalonDiencephalon Diencephalon.

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Presentation transcript:

Forebrain TelencephalonDiencephalon

Diencephalon

Division of diencephalon by hypothalamic sulcus 1- pars dorsalis 2- pars ventralis

hypothalamic sulcus

Pars dorsalis 1- dorsal thalamus 2- meta thalamus Epithalamus Thalamus

Thalamus from above

Epithalamus

Pars ventralis hypothalamus subthalamus

Two points about the diencephalon 1- Impar (median telencephalon) 2- just inf surface of Diencephalon is visible in the intact brain

Thalamus

Meaning of thalamus prechamber

Size of thalamus 3- 4 cm length 1.5 cm width

Surfaces and poles of Thalamus 4 surfaces Superior, inferior, medial and lateral Two poles Anterior and posterior

Sup surface of thalamus (Lat ventricle)

medial surface of thalamus ( third ventricle)

Inferior surface of thalamus

lateral surface of thalamus

Limitation of sup.surface At the lateral: THALAMUSTRAIATE GROOVE Content: similar vein and stria terminalis At the medial: Stria medullary Thalamic and Tenia Thalamic.

Sup surface of thalamus

Lamina Affix

Limitation of Medial Surface 1- at the above : Stria medullary Thalamic and Tenia Thalamic 2- at the below : Hypothalamic Sulcus

medial surface of thalamus

Interthalamic adhesion

Internal structural of Thalamus Internal medullary Lamina

Thalamus nuclei 1- Ant group (AD,AV,AM) 2- Medial group (MD) 3- Lateral group: A- ventromedial group(VA,VI or VL,VP) B- dorsolateral group (LD,LP,Pulvinar) 4- Reticular nucleus 5- Interalaminar nucleus 6- Medline nucleus

ANT. GROUP ANTRODORSALANTROVENTRALANTROMEDIAL

Papez’s circuit (Korsakow syndrom) 1- mamillary bodies 2- ant nuclei of thalamus 3- cinguli gyrus 4- hippocumus

Papez’s circuit

Hippocumpus

Medial group Medialis Dorsalis Comminucation with: Prefrontal( ability to solve the problem, General character, consciousness) Smell regions (limbic system)

Medial group

Lateral Group 1- Ventromedial 2- Dorsolateral

Motor function Sensory relay nuclei Vision and lingual function

Reticular nucleus Bilateral communication with cortex Pay attention

Intralaminar nuclei 1-paracentral 2- centromedian 3- centralis lat and medial

Function of Intralaminar nuclei Function of Intralaminar nuclei 1- sleep and Arousal and Awareness 2- pain

Midline nuclei ParaventriculrRhombolidalis

Function Reticular formation of brain stem Limbic system