Kinesiology for Manual Therapies Chapter 8 The Elbow and Radioulnar Joints McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Learning Outcomes 8-1 Define key terms. 8-2 Locate on a human skeleton all bony landmarks of the elbow and radioulnar joints. 8-3 Label on a skeletal chart all bony landmarks of the elbow and radioulnar joints. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Learning Outcomes (cont.) 8-4 Draw and identify the muscles of the elbow and radioulnar joints on a skeletal chart. 8-5 Palpate the muscles of the elbow and radioulnar joints on a partner. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Learning Outcomes (cont.) 8-6 Explore origins and insertions of the muscles of the elbow and radioulnar joints on a partner. 8-7 Organize and list the agonists, antagonists, and synergists of the elbow and radioulnar joints. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Learning Outcomes (cont.) 8-8 Demonstrate with a fellow student all the active and passive movements of the elbow and radioulnar joints. 8-9 Practice basic stretching and strengthening appropriate for the elbow and radioulnar joints. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Introduction This text has grouped the elbow and radioulnar joints together because of their close relationship. The elbow joint is formed by the ulna articulating with the humerus. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Introduction (cont.) The radius pivots with the ulna to form the radioulnar joint. The elbow joint performs flexion and extension. The radioulnar joint performs supination and pronation. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Bones The ulna is much larger proximally than the radius. The scapula and humerus serve as the proximal attachments for the muscles that flex and extend the elbow. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Bones (cont.) If a muscle is involved in the action of supination or pronation, it must insert on the radius. The radius and the ulna are connected via the interosseous membrane. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Bones (cont.) McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Bones (cont.) McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

There are many important bony landmarks for muscular attachment. Bones (cont.) There are many important bony landmarks for muscular attachment. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Joints The elbow joint is a ginglymus or hinge-type joint and only allows flexion and extension. Ligaments bind the joint for additional stability. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Joints (cont.) McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Joints (cont.) McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Joints (cont.) The radioulnar joint is a trochoid or pivot-type joint. This joint performs supination and pronation. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Joints (cont.) McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Joints (cont.) There is a synergy between the glenohumeral, elbow, and radioulnar joint muscles. The glenohumeral and elbow muscles contract to stabilize or assist the movements of the radioulnar joint. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Movements McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Movements (cont.) McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Movements (cont.) McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Muscles The elbow flexors are biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis, and weakly the pronator teres. The elbow extensors are the triceps brachii and the anconeus. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Muscles (cont.) The pronator group includes the pronator quadratus, the pronator teres, and the brachioradialis. The supinator, biceps brachii, and the brachioradialis perform supination. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Muscles (cont.) McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Muscles (cont.) McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Muscles (cont.) McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Muscles (cont.) McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Nerves The muscles of the elbow and radioulnar joints are innervated from the median nerves, musculocutaneous nerves, and radial nerves of the brachial plexus. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Nerves (cont.) McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Nerves (cont.) McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints Biceps Brachii McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Biceps Brachii McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Brachialis McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Brachialis McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Brachioradialis McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Brachioradialis McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Triceps Brachii McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Triceps Brachii McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Anconeus McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Anconeus McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Pronator Teres McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Pronator Teres McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Pronator Quadratus McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Pronator Quadratus McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Supinator McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont Individual Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints (cont.) Supinator McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Chapter Summary The bones, joints, movements, muscles, and nerves of the elbow joint and radioulnar are explored in this chapter. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Chapter Summary (cont.) Individual muscles of the elbow joint and radioulnar joint are reviewed in depth with regard to palpation, origin, insertion, action, and innervation. Each muscle includes information with clinical notes, muscle specifics, clinical flexibility and strengthening. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Chapter Review The Chapter Review is divided into true and false, short answers, and multiple choice questions. The questions are designed for the students to test their knowledge. Worksheets are at the end of the text as an aid for learning. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved

Explore and Practice Students should utilize the questions and charts at the end of the chapter to help focus on the content of the chapter. McGraw-Hill © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved