1. Anatomy Bingo Pick up the three sheets in the front of the room
Fill in the bingo card in a random order
Test Next Class!

2. Elbow Anatomy

3. Elbow Anatomy - bones Humerus Radius Ulna medial epicondyle
lateral epicondyle
Radius
Ulna
Olecranon

4. Elbow Joint

8. New seats today
Complaining is expected

9. Elbow Region Joints 3 Main Joints:
Humeroulnar Joint = “true elbow joint”
Humeroradial Joint
Proximal Radioulnar Joint

10. Humeroulnar Joint
Synovial Joint - Hinge
Movements:
Flexion
Extension

12. Humeroradial Joint Synovial Joint - Gliding or Plane
No real “true” movement

13. Proximal Radioulnar Joint
Synovial Joint - Pivot
Ligaments:
Ulnar Collateral Ligament
Radial Collateral Ligament
Annular Ligament
Movements:
Supination
Pronation

14. anterior

16. Distal anterior humerus

17. Posterior humeras

19. Ulna close up proximal lateral end

20. Radius l and right anterior view

21. Left and right posterior view of radius

22. Prox radius

23. Anterior elbow

26. Proximal Radio-Ulnar Joint

27. Annular Ligament

28. Posterior Medial Collateral Ligament
Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
Posterior Medial Collateral Ligament
Resists valgus
forces
Limits extension
UCL
Anterior Medial Collateral Ligament
Transverse ligament

29. Lateral Collateral
Resists varus stress
Weaker than MCL
RCL

30. Elbow Movement & Limitations
Elbow Extension
Concavity (trochlear notch) of ulna moves on the trochlea of humerus
Extension limited by olecranon process into olecranon fossa
No articulartion between radius and humerus in elbow extension

31. Elbow Movement & Limitations
Elbow Flexion
Coronoid process of ulna moves into the coronoid fossa of the humerus
The radial head slides over the capitulum and enters the radial fossa

32. Nerves
All of the nerves that travel down the arm pass across the elbow
Three main nerves begin together at the shoulder: the radial nerve, the ulnar nerve, and the median nerve.
These nerves carry signals from the brain to the muscles that move the arm. The nerves also carry signals back to the brain about sensations such as touch, pain, and temperature.

33. Nerves
Each nerve travels through its own tunnel as it crosses the elbow.
Because the elbow must bend a great deal, the nerves must bend as well.
Constant bending and straightening can lead to irritation or pressure on the nerves within their tunnels and cause problems such as pain, numbness, and weakness in the arm and hand.

34. Blood Vessels
The largest artery is the brachial artery that travels across the front crease of the elbow. If you place your hand in the bend of your elbow, you may be able to feel the pulsing of this large artery.
The brachial artery splits into two branches just below the elbow: the ulnar artery and the radial artery that continue into the hand.
Damage to the brachial artery can be very serious because it is the only blood supply to the hand.

35. Blood Vessels basilic vein
it unites with the Median antebrachial vein(s) to form the axillary v.
basilic v. communicates with deep veins of the forearm through perforating veins, especially in the cubital region

36. Blood Vessels Cephalic Vein It drains into the Subclavin Vein
median cubital vein usually pushes some of the blood collected by the cephalic v. to the basilic v.

37. Blood Vessels Median Cubital Vein
Some Blood runs from the Cephalic Vein through the median Cubital into Basilic Vein
The Most Common Vein for phlebotomists

38. Muscles

39. Anconeus Origin Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion Lateral surface of olecranon
Action Assists triceps in extending forearm; stabilizes elbow joint;
Innervation Radial nerve (C7, C8 and T1)

40. Anconeus

41. Biceps Brachii
Origin
Short head: tip of coracoid process of scapula Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Insertion Tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
Action Supinates forearm and, when it is supine, flexes forearm
Innervation Musculocutaneous nerve (C5 and C6 )

42. Biceps Brachii

43. Brachialis Origin Distal half of anterior surface of humerus
Insertion Coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
Action Major flexor of forearm -- flexes forearm in all positions primarily pronated
Innervation Musculocutaneous nerve (C5 and C6)

44. Brachioradialis
O: Proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: Styloid process of radius
N: Radial nerve
A: Flexes forearm after flexion has been started by biceps, semipronator and semisupinator

45. Brachioradialis

46. Brachioradialis

47. Triceps Brachii Origin
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Lateral head: posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove Medial head: posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove
Insertion Olecranon process of ulna and fascia of forearm
Action Chief extensor of elbow
Long head extends the shoulder as well
Innervation Radial nerve (C6, C7 and C8)

48. Triceps Brachii

49. Triceps Brachii

50. Pronator Teres
O: Humeral head- medial epicondylar ridge and common flexor tendon
Ulnar head- coronoid process of ulna
I: Middle of lateral surface of radius
N: Median nerve
A: Pronates forearm, assists in flexing forearm

51. Pronator Teres

52. Palmaris Longus O: Medial epicondyle of humerus
I: Transverse carpal ligament and palmar aponeurosis
N: Median nerve
A: Flexes wrist, assists in pronation and flexion of forearm

53. Palmaris Longus

54. Flexor Carpi Radialis Origin Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion Base of 2nd metacarpal
Action Flexes and abducts hand (at wrist)
Innervation Median nerve (C6 and C7) (C6, C7)

55. Flexor Carpi Radialis

56. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris O: medial epicondyle of humerus
olecranon and dorsal border of ulna
I: Pisiform, hamate, 5th metacarpal
N: Ulnar nerve
A: Flexes wrist and assists in ADD, assists in flexing forearm

57. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

58. Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
O: Humeral head- medial epicondyle of humerus
Ulnar head- coronoid process
Radial head- oblique line of radius
I: Palmar surface of middle phalanx of medial 4 digits
N: Median nerve
A: Flex middle and proximal phalanges of medial 4 digits, aids wrist and forearm flexion

59. Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

60. Deep Layer of the Forearm

61. Flexor Pollicis Longus
O: Volar surface of radius, interosseous membrane, coronoid process of ulna
I: Base of distal phalanx of thumb on palmar surface
N: median nerve
A: Flexes thumb

62. Flexor Pollicis Longus

63. Pronator Quadratus O: Distal 4th volar surface of ulna
I: Distal 4th of lateral border on volar surface of radius
N: median nerve
A: Pronates forearm

64. Pronator Quadratus

65. Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
O: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: Dorsal surface of base of 2nd metacarpal
N: Radial nerve
A: Wrist extension, ABD of hand

66. Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

67. Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral ligament
I: Dorsal surface of base of 3rd metacarpal
N: Radial nerve
A: Wrist extension, ABD hand

68. Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

69. Extensor Digitorum O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Lateral and dorsal surface of phalanges of medial 4 digits
N: Radial nerve
A: Extends medial 4 digits, assists in wrist extension

70. Extensor Digitorum

71. Extensor Digiti Minimi
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Dorsum of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
N: Radial nerve
A: 5th digit extension

72. Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Medial side of base of 5th metacarpal
N: Radial nerve
A: Wrist extension, ADD hand

73. Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

74. Supinator
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, lateral ligament of elbow and annular ligament, supinator crest and fossa of ulna
I: Lateral and anterior surface of radius
N: Radial nerve
A: Supinates forearm