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Rocks – Mineral Mixtures Rocks are made up of 2 or more minerals Rocks are made up of 2 or more minerals Can also contain other rocks, remains of living things (fossils) Can also contain other rocks, remains of living things (fossils) What is inside tells us how it is formed! What is inside tells us how it is formed!

Types of Rocks Sedimentary Rocks Metamorphic Rocks Igneous Rocks

The Rock Cycle

Sedimentary Rocks How They are Made 5 steps: Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation. 5 steps: Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation. Bits of earth settle in lakes and rivers Bits of earth settle in lakes and rivers Layers are formed and build up Layers are formed and build up

Sedimentary (Important Key Terms!) Weathering – the breakdown of rocks into SEDIMENT (wind, water, ice, sunlight) Weathering – the breakdown of rocks into SEDIMENT (wind, water, ice, sunlight) Erosion – the movement of sediment (Wind and water turns rocks into dust) Erosion – the movement of sediment (Wind and water turns rocks into dust) Deposition – material laid down (it’s a process) Deposition – material laid down (it’s a process) Compaction – Applying heavy pressure Compaction – Applying heavy pressure Cementation – “Gluing” the sediment together to make ROCK Cementation – “Gluing” the sediment together to make ROCK

Strata: Fancy word for LAYERS

Types of Sedimentary Rocks SandstoneShaleLimestone Conglomerate (Coars Coarse Grained Fine Grained

Metamorphic Rocks What are They? 2 steps: Heat and pressure 2 steps: Heat and pressure Rocks that have changed or MORPHED Rocks that have changed or MORPHED They were once igneous or sedimentary They were once igneous or sedimentary

Types of Metamorphic Rocks SchistGneiss

Calcite Quartz Hematite Heat and Pressure Garnet

Igneous Rocks What are They? 2 steps: melting (hot magma) and cooling (crystallizes) 2 steps: melting (hot magma) and cooling (crystallizes) Formed from cooling MAGMA Formed from cooling MAGMA Formed inside earth (Intrusive) Formed inside earth (Intrusive) Formed outside surface of earth (Extrusive) Formed outside surface of earth (Extrusive)

Igneous Rocks The amount of time it takes for magma or lava to cool determines the texture of igneous rock. The amount of time it takes for magma or lava to cool determines the texture of igneous rock.

Types of Igneous Rocks Granite Scoria Pumice Obsidian Coarse GrainedFine Grained

Exit Ticket ! 1. What are the three types of rocks in the rock cycle?

Rocks Have Been Used For Many Years

Rocks