1. Rock Cycle Notes

2. Rock – earth material made up of minerals and organic matter (remains of once living organisms) Rock Cycle – a continuous process by which rocks are created, changed from one form to another, destroyed, and then formed again.

3. 3 Types of Rocks
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic

4. Igneous Rocks Formed from molten material (magma)
Classification: Extrusive or Intrusive
Extrusive igneous rock- comes out of a volcano, has small crystal grains because it cools QUICKLY
Intrusive igneous rock- does not come out of the crust/underground, cools SLOWLY so crystals have to form and grow

5. EXAMPLES Extrusive Igneous Rock Intrusive Igneous Rock (Obsidian)
(Granite)

6. Weathering, Erosion, & Deposition
Weathering – break down of rocks Erosion – process in which rocks are transported from one location to another location by wind, water, or ice Deposition – geological process by which sediments, soil, and rocks are added to a landform or landmass

7. Igneous Rocks
Igneous rocks can be worn away by water and wind (weathering). Erosion is where the weathered bits are carried away. Deposition occurs when the weathered bits are dropped.

8. Sedimentary Rocks
the weathered bits are carried away by water and are dropped out as the water flows. The biggest particles drop out first. This is how sediments build up and accumulate.
Lithification – process by which sediments compact under pressure to form rock
Sedimentary rocks form from the compaction and cementation of sediments and weathered rocks

9. Metamorphic Rocks Formed by heat and pressure
Can occur at subduction zones or in close proximity to a magma chamber
Recrystallization - change in the texture (appearance of rock) because of increased temperature and pressure
Classification: Regional and Contact Metamorphism

10. Metamorphic Rocks
Regional Metamorphism – caused by high temperature and high pressure with deep burial
Contact Metamorphism – Caused by high temperature only near igneous intrusions/magma chambers

11. Contact Metamorphism
Regional Metamorphism