1. Rocks
Rock- mixture of minerals, volcanic glass, organic matter, or other material

2. Rock Cycle- model showing processes that create and change rock
Conservation of Matter- rock cycle never destroys elements of rocks but merely redistributes them

3. Sedimentary rock can be changed by heat and pressure into metamorphic rock. Metamorphic rock can melt and cool to form igneous rock. Igneous rock can be broken into fragments that may later form sedimentary rock.

4. Types of Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
Igneous Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks

5. Igneous Rocks What are they?
Form from magma found deep under Earth’s surface
Magma cooling at or near Earth’s surface forms small-grained extrusive igneous rock
Magma trapped below the surface forms large-grained intrusive igneous rock when it cools

6. Types of Igneous Rocks
Granite
Scoria
Pumice
Obsidian

7. Sedimentary Rocks How are they made?
Mostly found on the exposed surface of Earth
Rock fragments, mineral grains, and bits of plants and animal remains moved by wind, water, ice or gravity are called sediments
Layers are formed and build up

8. Sedimentary Rocks
Compaction is when small sediments stick together because of pressure.
Cementation occurs when water and other minerals move through open spaces between larger sediments, gluing them together.

9. Sedimentary Rocks
Classified by what they were made of and how they were formed:
clastic-forms when rock fragments are squeezed together
chemical-forms when minerals that are dissolved in a solution crystallize
organic-forms where the remains of plants & animals are deposited in thick layers

10. Types of Sedimentary Rocks
Sandstone
Limestone
Gypsum
Conglomerate
Shale

11. Metamorphic Rocks What are they?
Changed by heat, pressure, and hot fluids
Classified by composition and texture
Foliated texture- mineral grains flatten and line up in parallel layers or bands
Non-foliated texture- mineral grains grow and rearrange but do not form layers

12. Types of Metamorphic Rocks
Schist
Gneiss

13. Rocks Have Been Used For Many Years and For Many Things

29. Rocks