EQUITABLE

Description Electricity GWhKWh per person% of total Sindh-Karachi10,0521, Sindh-Rural5, Punjab46, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa8, Balochistan4, Pakistan74, Province-Wise Per Capita Electricity Consumption FY

S.No Name of DiscoPeak Demand (MW) Total Demand (MW) Percentage Share 1.LESCO (Punjab) 64.1% 2.GEPCO FESCO IESCO MEPCO HESCO (Sindh) 11.1% 7.SEPCO933 8.QESCO1538 Baluchistan 8.3% 9.PESCO* *Excl. FATA (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) 13.47% 10.TESCO % TOTAL KESC2196 DISCO wise Peak-Demand/Load Drawl

CRISIS IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA IS BLOWING OUT OF PROPORTIONS

Quantum of Protests MonthNo of protests Remarks June Approximate 3 protests per day in various districts July Average 5 per day 1-7 August Average 5 per day in Ramzan The situation is being handled by the administration with great difficulty. DURATION OF LOAD SHEDDING IN KHYBER PAKHTHWA UrbanRural 12 – 14 hours hours 6

“(We will) ensure equitable load shedding in Country” Recommendation No. 1– National Energy Summit, 9 th April 2012 EQUITABLE (ekwɪtəbl) 1 : having or exhibiting equity : dealing fairly and equally with all concerned.equity Merriam Webster 2: fair and reasonable; treating everyone in a fairly equal way. Synonym: fair - an equitable distribution of resources. Oxford Advance learner Guiding Principle “Equitable” does not just mean “EQUAL” Other factors need to be weighed

Each Province may be supplied electricity out of the available generation as per its percentile proportion established above. OR Each Province may be required to shed load from its Maximum Demand at the percentile proportion out of the shortfall Equitable Load shedding

Facts on ground !!!  Optics of deprivation worsening, fanning parochial sentiments. Province i s producing 3582 MW of cheapest energy while Peak demand of the province is about 2490 MW, As such surplus of 1092 MW  Most frugal in use of electricity (Least per capita amongst Provinces).  Low ratio of investment in augmentation of system (PESCO receiving least priority in PEPCO investment plan).  While dealing PESCO, a clear bias in opening grid by NPCC, with no consultation of Province or provincial administration.

Punjab Sindh (Excl. KESC) KPK (Incl. FATA) Balochistan TOTAL LESCOFESCOGEPCOMEPCOIESCOHESCOSEPCOPESCOQESCO FY(Units Received in GWh) %12%9%16%11%6%5%14%6% 100% 69% 11%14%6% 100% FACTS IN FIGURES Province-wise Units Billed (Actual vs. Capacity) PunjabSindhKPKBalochistan TOTAL LESCOFESCOGEPCOMEPCOIESCOHESCOSEPCOPESCOQESCO FY(Investment made in Million PKR) ,4263,8723,2125,8406,1372,246 3,9153,558 37, ,0864,0302,9006,9326,2002,6652,3893,9173,610 39,729 17%10%9%16% 6% 10% 100% 18%10%7%17%16%7%6%10%9% 100% 68% 13%10%9% Province-wise Investment made on augmentation of system

Province wise Domestic – Rural Consumers Punjab Khyber Pakhtunkhwa SindhBalochistan Feeders Load (MW)Feeders Load (MW)Feeders Load (MW)Feeders Load (MW) Total Rural %42% 75%80% 71%64%21%20% In case of any arrangement with higher load shedding on RURAL feeders, KPK is worst hit

PESCO SYSTEM PROFILE S#DescriptionTotal #Overloaded % Overloading 01Power Transformers installed at grids / substations % 02Transmission Lines feeding Grids / SSs % 0311 KV Distribution Feeders % RESULTS IN AT LEAST 300 MW LOADSHEDDING UNDER OPTIMUM CONDITIONS (NO DEFICIT SCENARIO)

Date Quota Allocated (MW) Average Avg.Load SheddingForced Shedding under Total (MW) % Load Shed Computed Demand (MW) Power Inflow Carried out against the instructions of NPCC/RCC (MW)Quota (MW)Islamabad (MW) 1/7/ % 2/7/ % 3/7/ % 4/7/ % 5/7/ % 6/7/ % 7/7/ % 8/7/ % 9/7/ % 10/7/ % 11/7/ % 12/7/ % 13/7/ % 14/7/ % 15/7/ % 16/7/ % 17/7/ % 18/7/ % 19/7/ % 20/7/ % 21/7/ % 22/7/ % 23/7/ % 24/7/ % 25/7/ % 26/7/ % 27/7/ % 28/7/ % 29/7/ % 30/7/ % 31/7/ % Average for the Month % LOAD BEING SHED PRESENTLY (PESCO QUOTA + NPCC)

DAY Wednesday, August 01, 2012 TENTATIVE GENERATION AND LOAD SUPPLIED TO DISCOS HOURS 02:0003:0004:0005:0006:0007:0008:0009: DESCRIPTIONLOAD (MW) A - GENERATION B - EXPORT TO KESC C - T & T LOSS. & AUXILIAR CONSUMPTION. (6% OF A) D - LOAD SUPPLIED TO DISCOS (=A-B-C) PESCO ( 16% of D ) Actual Drawn by PESCO Difference Actual Load Made Available 13 % 11 % 14 % 15 % 14 % 15 % 13 % 12 % 13 % 12 % 13 % 14 % 15 % 13 % 12 % 11 % 14 % A CLEAR ILLUSTRATION OF “INEQUITY” – ANY GIVEN DAY

PESCO Tuesday, July 31, 2012(0100 TO 1100 HRS)Monday, July 30, 2012(1200 TO 2400 HRS) TENTATIVE GENERATION AND LOAD SUPPLIED TO DISCOS HOURS 01:0002:0003:0004:0005:0006:0007:0008:0009: DESCRIPTIONLOAD (MW) A - GENERATION B - EXPORT TO KESC C - T & T LOSS. & AUXILIAR CONSUMPTION. (6% OF A) D - LOAD SUPPLIED TO DISCOS (=A-B-C) PESCO ( 16% of D ) Actual Power Drawn by PESCO on 31st July, Difference Actual Provision 14 % 12 % 10 % 13 % 16 % 11 % 13 % 9% 12 % 13 % 10 % 12 % 13 % 14 % 15 % 13 % 12 % 14 % 16 %

In-equitibility  16% Quota on 2006 Baseline (KPK TESCO AJK 45 MW) – Baseline Debatable: No justification, not giving weight to cheaper generation, frugality of use, system legacies.  Urban – Rural Differentiation --- Adding insult to injury  IESCO’s industrial load, shifted to Hattar due to relocation of Industry (50+ MW) --- (No upward Revision of 2006 Quota)  Forced Load Shedding, yet accounted as “Drawals”  Technological inadequacies, controverting “equitable” implementation.

Process Management  Manual and Crude (Not automated, phone calls – Hotline carriers, verbal commands/reporting)  Arbitrary/Whimsical (No or conflicting written directions – Lack of SOPs for forced opening of grids)  Technological inadequacies, controverting “equitable” implementation.  Responsibilities diffused, conduct and operations not predictable.  Distant Control – Indifference to Human Element Real people, real miseries Playing into the whims and biases of operators/button-pushers

Conclusion  “Equitable Load Shedding” as designed and perceivably implemented presently, is elusive, conceptually and in reality.  The enforcement regime is perpetuating unjust dispensation of power distribution in Khyer Pakhtunkhwa.  Centralized load-shedding control system, on one side disempowers the DISCO, while on the other, detracts from forthright responsibility and its accompanying appropriate conduct.  The centralized power system has failed to deliver, necessitating decentralization of both Generation and Distribution to the Provinces