DOMESTIC VIOLENCE Changing Landscapes

This man I married is buried deep And the more I try to wake him, the more he sleeps I used to think I knew this man The tenderness, not the back of his hand It's been two weeks since he last had a drink But the time bombs ticking, I can never sleep It would be easier if he did Why do you stay here, stay with him? Why do you do it? Why do you treat us bad? When you've got two kids that love you And a wife that's missing you bad I've got to go now I've got to say goodbye Don't try to stop us now And please don't you cry Can't you see. We've all been through it It's all been said before With all these fears, For how many years can I keep coming Back for more No more

Must be addicted to all this pain Cause I keep coming back for the shame Dear god give me the strength to leave I've got to keep going, keep going this time Don't try to stop us now Don't pull that stuff on me I've got the kids all packed up Harry's in the back with his pickup truck Jenny's fallen asleep again I've got to keep driving till I reach the end I can't come back here anymore And I know it And I know it

THEORY Describe Explain Predict

What causes Domestic Violence? Micro oriented – Biological explanations – Social learning – Communication Macro oriented – Feminist/gender explanations Anti discriminatory movement Collaborative approaches

23/05/ ’s 2 nd wave of women’s liberation movement First women’s refuge Men’s consciousness raising & personal growth groups Anger management for violent men Couple referral by family court, for counselling Increasing advocacy & recognition of impact of intimate partner violence

Social Learning – mixed results Two conclusions are typically drawn from these findings: one is that abuse experiences or witnessing of abuse increases one’s chances of being abusive; the other is that the majority of abused children do not go on to be abusive. (Dutton 1989, p.37)

23/05/ ’s National Collective of Independent Women’s Refuges, Domestic Protection Act, 1982 Criminalisation of rape within marriage (Section 28 (3) Crimes Act, 1961) Coordinated approaches Tau iwi and Maori parallel approaches

On feminist explanations “Colonialism attempted to destroy kinship patterns that were not modelled on nuclear family structures, disrupting, in the process, female organizations that were based on kinship systems which allowed more power and autonomy to women than those of the colonizing nation. “(Carby 1997, p 51)

23/05/ ’s 1994 – review of the 1982 legislation leads to – the inclusion of psychological abuse in the definition of violence – Replacement of non molestation orders with protection orders Domestic Violence Act 1995 More collaborative approaches to violence. Interagency responses

23/05/ Te Rito Strategy 2002 Taskforce for Action on Violence Within Families Children’s Commission Act 2003 Families Commission Act 2003 Family Safety Teams Family Violence Courts FV intervention programme (WINZ)

ANTI DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICE (ADP) the right to self determination through the removal of oppressive and discriminatory obstacles, be they social, cultural, religious, gender, age, sexuality, economic or political. ADP – The totality of people’s experience – The role of the social structural environment – Appropriate & sensitive service regardless of social status

ADP Practitioners are; Honest about their prejudices and biases Able to assess how they use language Introspective, reflexive, and reflective ANTI-DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICE MATTERS TO ALL

Ideas ADP & DV CULTURE All cultures are contradictory Belonging to a culture & having a unique perspective

THE WORK Working against institutional disparities that prohibit access for minority groups Collaboration – diverse voices Responses to DV must be generated in communities Not one profession has responsibility for solving DV

THE WORK Designing a programme for everyone suits no- one (Bent-Goodley 2007) Evidenced based practice Cultural competence applies not only to SW but to administration, organisation, board membership, staffing, evaluation

Practice Approaches How does the practice approach you/your agency use benefit minority populations? Does your service have a culturally responsive media campaign?

Practice Approaches What is your (or your organisations) response if a person says – “Separation or divorce is not allowed in my faith” – “Can you make me safe cos I wanna stay with him/her.” – “I can’t leave my family and I won’t leave my community?”

MOVING FORWARD Multiple explanations have to inform multiple responses to domestic violence work Diversity of our nation has to be considered in domestic violence work - Anti discriminatory practice can play a role here.