Chapter 8 Test Review The South and West Transformed

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Chapter 8 Test Review The South and West Transformed 1865-1900

People, Places & Things cash crop a crop grown not for its own use but to be sold Farmers’ Alliance Civil Rights Act of 1875 legislation that gave black citizens the right to ride trains and use other public facilities Reservation a specific area set aside by the U.S. government for the use of Indians

People, Places & Things vigilante a self-appointed enforcer of the law Transcontinental railroad a rail link between the East and the West land grant open range a system by which branded cattle were allowed to graze freely on unfenced property Homestead Act legislation that provided farm plots for people willing to live on and develop the land for five years

People, Places & Things Sitting Bull Sioux Chief respected as a fighter and spiritual leader Little Big Horn the site of a victory by Indians led by Crazy Horse over 250 U.S. soldiers led by General George Custer Chief Joseph Wounded Knee the site where over 100 fleeing Indians were killed by U.S. troops assimilate to absorb into the culture of a population or group

People, Places & Things Dawes General Allotment Act Sand Creek Massacre Exodusters

Main Ideas What crops did southern farmers mainly grow during Reconstruction? Tobacco and cotton How did white settlement of the West change the lives of Native Americans? It forced them from their lands and traditional ways of life What was the Native Americans’ situation at the end of the Indian Wars? They were forced to move west or north or to live on reservations. Beginning in the mid-1800s, why did large numbers of people move out West? to strike it rich by finding gold or silver.

Main Ideas If federal amendments protected African American rights, why did they still experience inequality such as segregation and limited ability to vote? because the Supreme Court allowed local and state courts to make laws for each local area What was the purpose of the Farmer’s Alliance? to negotiate lower prices for supplies How did new railroads benefit western cattle ranchers? provided a way to transport meat to eastern markets What was life like for a typical Homesteader? lonely, difficult, harsh

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