Chapter Outline Chapter 29: Forging New Nations in Asia, ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc. Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present I. China: Revolution and Republic II. Korea from Monarchy to Colony III. Nationalism in Southeast Asia IV. India: The Drive for Independence

Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins Chapter 29: Forging New Nations in Asia, ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc. I. China: Revolution and Republic Qing Dynasty reforms Yuan Shikai military reform A. The Revolution of 1911 Revolutionary Alliance (Tongmenghui) Qiu Jin Sun Yatsen ( ) founds Revolutionary Alliance, 1905 "Three Principles of the People": nationalism democracy livelihood Qing abdicateYuan Shikai interim president Elections Guomindang (GMD) in = Nationalist Party Yuan represses 1915, emperor 1916 > rule of warlords

Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins Chapter 29: Forging New Nations in Asia, ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc. I. China: Revolution and Republic B. The May Fourth Generation New Youth founded, Chen Duxiu "New Culture" vernacular Hu Shi Lu Xun "A Madman's Diary" Versailles Peace Conference Japan get Shandong > May 4, 1919 demonstrations influential Mao Dun ( ) Midnight Ba Jin (1904- ) Family Ding Ling ( ) Diary of Miss Sophie C. Nation Building Chinese Communist Party Jiang Jieshi ( ) (Chiang Kai-shek) head of CCP's military academy Zhou Enlai ( ) Shanghai - International Settlement May 30, 1925, demonstrations British intervene > sympathy strikes > Northern Expedition 1927, reaches Shanghai Nationalists, to Beijing, 1928 Jiang forms government > Republic of China

Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins Chapter 29: Forging New Nations in Asia, ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc. I. China: Revolution and Republic (C. Nation Building) Rural China Peng Pai ( ) agrarian reform Mao Zedong ( ) Autumn Harvest Uprising Communists government in Jiangxi forced on Long March arrive in Shannxi D. World War II Japan takes Taiwan, Korea Manchurian Incident Japanese soldiers > 1932, Manchukuo war between Japan and China Rape of Naking brutal attack Japan defeated > civil war People's Republic of China

Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins Chapter 29: Forging New Nations in Asia, ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc. II. Korea from Monarchy to Colony A. Choson Dynasty ( ) Yangban reformers aristocracy Kim Ok-kyun 1882 – coup Famine Tonghak religious movement Buddhism and folk religions repressed by King Kojong, Chinese troops Sino-Japanese War (1894-5) defeat China withdraws Kabo reforms ( ) Independence Club, 1896 newspaper, Independent han'gul banned, 1898, but influential B. Nationalism 1905, Korea a protectorate of Japan 1910, colony 1907, National Debt Compensation Campaign for independence demonstrations Sin'ganhoe nationalists and Korean Communist Party 1930's - Repression schools, Japanese Japanese surnames Koreans subservient "comfort girls"

Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins Chapter 29: Forging New Nations in Asia, ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc. III. Nationalism in Southeast Asia A. Indochina Indochinese Union, France Cochin China Annam Tonkin Cambodia Laos ruled from Hanoi Ideas of Rousseau, Locke, Mill Phan Boi Chau ( ) Phan Chu Trinh ( ) Ho Chi Minh ( ) to Versailles, denied > 1927, Nationalist Party of Vietnam 1930, Indochinese Communist Party 1941, Viet Minh( League of Independence of Vietnam) founded by Ho Chi Minh B. The Philippines Legislative Assembly 1916, Jones Act Nationalist Movement Sergio Osmeña Manuel Quezon Tydings-McDuffie Act promised independence Independence

Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins Chapter 29: Forging New Nations in Asia, ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc. III. Nationalism in Southeast Asia C. Indonesia/ Dutch East Indies Dutch Native Schools Sarekat Islam, 1912 Umar Sayed Tjokrominoto splits > Partai Kommunis Indonesia (PKI) PKI uprising repressed Indonesian Nationalist Party 1927, founded Achmed Sukarno ( ) D. Siam (Thailand) "Thailand", 1939 = Land of the Free Pridi Phanomyung coup d'état E. Burma and Malaya Burma inspired by Indian National Congress Young Men's Buddhist Association, 1906 > General Council of Burmese Associations, 1921 Malaya 1957, British cede to: Malayan Chinese Association, and United Malay National Association,

Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins Chapter 29: Forging New Nations in Asia, ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc. IV. India: The Drive for Independence A. Gradual Steps Toward Self-Rule 1918, British commission > Government of India Act of , Rowlatt Acts ("Black Acts") B. Gandhi and Civil Disobedience Mohandas Gandhi ( ) ashrams Amritsar Massacre, , Salt March Sarojini Naidu ( ) C. The Continuing Struggle Indian National Congress dominates from 1935 Muslim League Muhammad Ali Jinnah ( ) Bal Gangadhar Tilak Brahmin Jawaharlal Nehru ( ) D. The Hindu-Muslim Divide "Two-nation theory" idea of Pakistan Gandhi, "Quit India"

Brummett, et al, Civilization, Past & Present, Part One; Classical Origins Chapter 29: Forging New Nations in Asia, ©2006, Pearson Education, Inc. What’s in a Name? Siam or Thailand?